المنهج العاطفي وأهميته في الدعوة إلى الله

The science of Daʿwah has become an independent discipline in the field of Islamic Studies as many researches have discussed its usefulness, historical development, and ground consequences into the society. A preacher draws the sketch of his message by consulting the Quran, Sunnah the is biography prophetic The. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy of biography and practical example and model in order to preach effectively and call people (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy The. Religion towards particular youth and general in gave a particular emphasize upon the young men of society by giving them peaceful message of Islam and calling towards the light of Islam from darkness of ignorance. In this connection we find many approaches in the life of Holy Prophet (ﷺ) to call youth towards Allah. Among these approaches, one of most common and useful approach is to agitate the emotions and feelings which is also called as emotional approach. In this academic work, the author will discuss the usefulness of this approach by descriptive and qualitative The. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy of life the into looking research approach has been employed for the collection and analysis of data. The author intended to address the answer of the questions that why is there a gap between the dāʿī and the youth today? Has this led to the failure to keep up with the doctrinal methods of contemporary religious developments and needs? What is the appropriate approach of preaching religion for young people today? Along with the answer of these questions, the author will draw a conclusion and present some recommendations at the end of article.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Ferrite Nanostructures

Coprecipitation method was used to prepare pure and doped CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles. Ferric and cobalt salts were used as precursors while oleic acid was used as surfactant. X- ray Diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis confirmed single phase of nanoparticles with particle size ~20 nm. Electron transport in CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles was investigated using impedance spectroscopy from 300 K to 400 K over wide frequency range (20 Hz - 2 MHz). Impedance spectroscopy of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles revealed a semiconductor to metal transition at ~330 K. The semiconductor to metal transition was attributed to existence of mixed valance states of Fe cations, reverse cation distribution among octahedral and tetrahedral sites and various types of interactions between these cations. Variation of exponent “s” with temperature suggested that overlapping large polaron tunneling was the dominant conduction mechanism in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. The Mössbauer spectroscopy demonstrated the mixed inverse spinel structure of the CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analysis was carried out to study the oxidation states and environment of Fe and Co cations. Electrical properties of Sn 2+ and La 3+ doped CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles were studied in detail. The change in dielectric constant and ac conductivity of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles were observed with dopant concentration. The temperature induced delocalization of charge carriers and metallic phase in Co 0.6 Sn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles was explained using M(H) loops and impedance spectroscopy. Metallic nature of Co 0.6 Sn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles above 360 K was attributed to dominancy of delocalized charge carriers Fe 3+ –Fe 2+ /Co 3+ – Co 2+ interactions over localized charge carriers Fe 3+ –O 2− –Fe 3+ /Co 2+ –O 2− –Co 2+ interactions. This was suggested that the wasp - waist magnetic hysteresis loop was due to simultaneous existence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic domains in the system. The M(H) loops of Co 0.6 Sn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles indicated that at lower temperatures the superexchange interaction was dominant as compared to double exchange interaction while at higher temperatures double exchange interaction becomes more strong. The open M(H) loops of Co 0.6 Sn 0.4 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles indicated the absence of magnetic saturation. The temperature dependent electrical behavior of the grain boundaries was reported and discussed in terms of depletion space-charge layer in the vicinity of grain boundaries.