منشی محمد احتشام علی کاکوروی
لکھنؤ کی سرزمین میں اپریل کے چوتھے ہفتہ میں ایک اور حادثہ پیش آیا یعنی کاکوری کے ممتاز خاندان کے رئیس جناب منشی محمد احتشام علی صاحب نے ۲۲؍ اپریل کی صبح کو ۷۵ برس کی عمر میں وفات پائی، کہنا چاہئے کہ اودھ میں قدیم شریفانہ جوہر وضعداری، دینداری، مروت، سیرچشمی، غربا نوازی اور مسکین پروری کا یہ اخیر نمونہ تھا، ان کی پوری زندگی میں جس میں وسعت کا زمانہ بھی تھا اور تنگی کا بھی، ان کے ہاتھ یکساں کھلے رہے اور اس اخفاء کے ساتھ کہ بائیں ہاتھ کو بھی داہنے ہاتھ کی خبر نہ تھی، وہ مولانا شاہ فضل رحمان صاحب گنج مراد آبادی سے بیعت تھے، اس تعلق کو اخیر اخیر وقت تک جس طرح نباہا، وہ ان کی سعادت مندی کا نشان ہے، پابندی یہ کہ مرتے وقت سجدہ عبودیت ادا کیا ہے اور صبر و شکر کے کلمے زبان سے نکلتے رہے۔
ان کی جوانی تھی کہ ندوۃ العلماء کا غلغلہ بلند ہوا، چونکہ اس مجلس کے سرپر فضل رحمانی سایہ فگن تھا۔ اس لئے حضرت شیخ کے سارے حلقہ بگوش اس کے حلقہ میں تھے اور اسی مناسبت سے جناب منشی محمد اطہر علی صاحب مرحوم اور ان کے ساتھ میں جناب منشی احتشام علی صاحب ندوہ کے خدام میں داخل ہوئے تھے، اپریل ۱۸۹۵ء میں اس کا پہلا جلسہ لکھنؤ میں ہوا تھا، اس اپریل ۱۸۹۵ء سے لے کر ۲۲؍ اپریل ۱۹۴۳ء کی صبح تک جب کہ انہوں نے زندگی کی اخیر سانس لی ہے، یکساں دلچسپی خلوص و انہماک سے اپنے فرائض کو انجام دیا ہے۔ نہ صرف رئیسوں میں بلکہ مسلمانوں میں اس قدامت خدمت اور مخلصانہ مذہبی خدمت گزاری کی مثال شائد ہی ملے۔
خیالی گنج میں ان کی بڑی اور وسیع کوٹھی، ان کے عزیزوں کا...
Background: Black Cumin/Nigella sativa (NS) which belongs to the botanical family of Ranunculaceae commonly grows in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Western Asia. Its prolonged use can produce physiological changes with or without affecting the architecture of different organs like the heart (cardiac remodeling). The data for the cardiovascular benefits of black cumin are not well-established scientifically. Objectives: To determine the direct cardiovascular effects of Nigella Sativa extract on heart rate, cardiac contractility (apical force), ECG, and coronary flow in the normal heart with and without cardiac remodeling. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on forty-two (42) rabbits. These rabbits were divided into seven groups, each comprising six animals (Group I-VI without cardiac remodeling and Group VII with cardiac remodeling). NS was given to these groups in different doses i.e, Group I (NS=10ug), Group II (NS=30ug), Group III (NS=100ug), Group IV (NS=300ug), Group V (NS=3000ug), Group VI (NS=10000ug) and VII (NS=300ug). Radnoti's working heart system was used to determine the effects of NS on heart rate, cardiac contractility (apical Force), ECG, and coronary flow in a normal heart with and without cardiac remodeling. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 28. Results: Results of this study revealed negative chronotropic and positive inotropic effects without ECG changes in the normal heart and with ECG changes in the remodeled heart. Conclusions: Prolonged use of Nigella sativa can lead to disturbed ECG by affecting the conducting tissue.
Much of the fresh literatures on effective schools have been emotionally connected to the leadership role of the school principals and teachers’ job satisfaction to the achievement of organizational outcomes. Transformational leadership theory has pitched these relations in a new perspective where supporters have claimed that transformational leaders are more able to satisfy their followers to achieve their organizational objectives compared to other styles of leadership. This study was aimed to determine the impact of transformational leadership styles of principals on job satisfaction of secondary schools teachers. The major objectives of the study were: (1) to investigate the level of transformational leadership styles of principals; (2) to identify the level of job satisfaction among secondary schools teachers and (3) to examine the relationship between transformational leadership styles of principals and job satisfaction of secondary schools teachers. To achieve the objectives, the hypotheses were tested. This study was delimited to secondary schools teachers of government male high and higher secondary schools in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and all government teachers enrolled in different programs at Northern University, Nowshera. It was descriptive co relational study and survey method was used for data collection. The population for the study was all secondary schools teachers of 1166 government male high and higher secondary schools and all government teachers enrolled in various programs of Northern University in KPK. Using a convenient sampling technique, a sample of 1050 teachers from 140 schools, 20 each of seven selected districts on the basis of cultural background, was taken as sample-I. Another sample of 100 government teachers enrolled in different programs from Northern University was taken as sample-II. Two instruments i.e. MLQ and JSS were used for the collection of data in this study. Data were collected through personal visits. Data were analyzed by applying mean, standard deviation, ttest and Pearson’s correlation. The findings of the study were that principals of male high and higher secondary schools showed higher level of transformational leadership styles. The level of job satisfaction of secondary school teachers was found at a moderate level. Both the samples showed a positive and significant relationship between transformational leadership styles of principals and job satisfaction of secondary school teachers. The findings revealed no major differences in the results of collected data from two different environments and locations.