آہ ! شاہ نصر احمد پُھلواروی مرحوم
معارف کا یہ رسالہ چھپ رہا تھا کہ اخبار کے ذریعہ شاہ نصر احمد کی انتہائی المناک وفات کی خبر ملی اس سانحہ کی خبر سننے کے لیے بالکل تیار نہیں تھا، ان کی عمر مشکل سے تیئس (۲۳) چوبیس (۲۴) سال رہی ہوگی، یہ تحریر لکھتے وقت ان کا چہرہ یاد آرہا ہے جس پر معصومیت، طہارت، مذہبیت، محبت، مروت اور اخلاق کے جتنے آثار ہوسکتے تھے، ان سب کے انوار ان پر جھلکتے نظر آتے تھے، وہ خانقاہ مجیبیہ پھلواری شریف کے جناب مولانا شاہ عون احمد قادری کے بڑے صاحبزادے تھے، اس تعلق کے علاوہ وہ دارالمصنفین میں بھی آکر دو سال رہے، اپنی نیکی اور اخلاص کا جو نقش یہاں کے لوگوں پر چھوڑ گئے ہیں، وہ مدت مدید تک یاد رہے گا، وہ یہاں اس غرض سے آئے تھے کہ یہاں رہ کر کچھ سیکھیں، لیکن اپنی کم سنی کے زمانہ میں انھوں نے معارف میں امام الحرمین پر تین قسطوں میں جو مضمون لکھا، اس پر برصغیر کے تمام اربات فن کی نظر اٹھی، اور ان کا خیال تھا کہ یہ کسی تجربہ کار اہل قلم اور دیدہ ور عالم کا لکھا ہوا ہے، لیکن جب ان کو بتایا جاتا کہ اس کے لکھنے والے کی عمر کیا ہے، تو ان کو یقین نہیں آتا، اس مضمون سے اندازہ ہوگیا تھا کہ آئندہ علم کی ایک بے پناہ قوت، ہندوستان کی علمی دنیا میں ابھر کر رہے گی، لیکن ان کو خود خیال رہا کہ ان میں ابھی بہت کچھ کمی رہ گئی ہے، اس لیے اس کو پورا کرنے کے لیے وہ دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء مزید تعلیم کے لیے چلے گئے، جہاں انھوں نے تین سال رہ کر وہاں کی تعلیم کی تکمیل کی اور ادب میں تحضص کیا، اسی زمانہ میں ان...
The aim of this analysis was to ascertain the degree to which the Head of the Integrated Business Services Office's Leadership Style affects the efficacy of the Integrated Business Services Office's management. In data analysis, a descriptive study of one variable was performed to determine the percentage trend of each test variable; second, the commodity moment correlation formula was used to analyze variable relationships; and third, a basic equation model was used to analyze the impact relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The data for this study were processed using a micro statistical program with the assistance of a computer program. The data analysis and interpretation of the study's hypotheses indicate that there is a significant relationship and influence between the variable leadership style of the Integrated Business Services Office's Head and the effectiveness of the Integrated Business Services Office's management, at the 5% significance level or P = 0, 05, respectively.
TITLE: STRATEGY AND METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING TRUE POTATO SEED (TPS) TECHNOLOGY IN SINDH True Potato Seed (TPS) is a low cost planting material, only about 100 g of TPS are needed to plant one hectare as compared to two tons of commercial seed tubers. Moreover it is technological alternative that offers farmers an option to overcome the perceived weaknesses of clonally propagated tubers as a source of planting materials. This study therefore was conducted first time in Sindh, Pakistan to determine how true potato seed could be implemented through genotype selection, growth substrates, planting time, plant spacing and packing material for storing tubers. The field experiments were conducted at Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam, Pakistan located at 25.24, 46.00,’N, 68.32, 12.00E during 2009 and 2010. Experiment-1 was meant to observe the effect of different substrates for nursery raising of TPS genotype. In this study, three TPS viz. TPS=9802, TPS=9804 and TPS=9805 were grown in five growth substrates viz. Soil + Sand, Soil + FYM, Soil + Sand + FYM, Soil + PM (Poultry manure) and Soil + Sand + PM). Seeds of different genotypes sown in various substrates had significantly different results. The maximum germination, plant height, number and size of micro, small, medium and larges tubers were found in TPS-9804 grown in soil+sand+FYM (1:1:1). This genotype and same substrate also showed maximum total tuber yield on hectare basis. Experiment-2 was conducted to evaluate the effect of planting date and plant spacing on growth and yield of TPS nursery raising. In this study seeds of same genotypes were tested under three planting dates (15th October, 30th October and 15 th November) and three plant spacing (2, 4, and 6 cm). The maximum germination percent, plant height, number and weight of micro, small, medium and large tubers observed in TPS-9804. On hectare basis, the tuber yield was also higher in TPS-9804 genotype planted on 30th October with plant to plant distance of 4 cm. Experiment-3 was concerned to assess the impact of storage packing material on various genotypes viz, TPS=9802, TPS=9804, TPS=9805 and standard Diamant potato variety. To achieve the outcomes, different five packing material viz. gunny bag, polythlene bag, cloth bag, netted bag and wooden crate were used. The results obtained from 500 g standard weight of sample showed maximum tuber weight and tuber sprouting percentage after storage of TPS-9804 genotype kept in gunny bags. The results concluded that TPS-9804 genotype grown in the substrate containing soil + sand + FYM (1:1:1) was more efficient for obtaining maximum tuber number, size and yield. Comparing all true potato genotypes, TPS-9804 performed better in recording maximum tuber number and yield sown on 30th October with 4 cm plant spacing. In cold storage, maximum tuber weight and tuber sprouting was noted after storage in TPS- 9804 genotype kept in gunny bags. However, maximum rottening was found in Diamant standard potato variety kept in polytheline bag as packing material during storage. Hence TPS- 9804 genotype is recommended for Potato growers of Sindh province due to its better yield performance and storage capability under gunny bag as packing material.