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Portable Pollution and Weather Monitoring

Thesis Info

Author

Malik M. Aurangzaib, Adil Iqbal, Sibghat Ullah

Supervisor

Muhammad Fasih Uddin Butt

Department

Department of Electrical Engineering

Program

BET

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676720344985

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المبحث السادس: الغزل وبروين شاکر

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 بروین شاکر التي لھا المکانۃ والمنزلۃ المرموقۃ في ساحۃ الأدب والشعر فھي حاولت بقدر ما تستطیع أن تکون لنفسھا مکاناً في میدان الغزل والمنظومات۔۔ وخاصۃ بوجود فھمیدۃ ریاض التي تم التعرف علیھا والشاعرۃ کشور ناھید، فکان وجودھا فخراً وعزۃ للمجتمع الباکستاني وکان یحتاج الکثیر من الجھد من شاعرتنا بروین شاکر حتی تکون لنفسھا مکانۃ وتعطي لمکانتھا الحق اللائق بما یُناسب شخصیتھا وشرفھا۔

کشور ناهيد

 ولدت ھذہ الشاعرۃ المعروفۃ في الھند في 3 فبرایر في عام 1940م فھي تتحدث في أشعارھا عن المرأۃ وما تلاقي من مظالم۔ فکانت تتناول المرأۃ الباکستانیۃ خاصۃ والمرأۃ الأخریٰ عامۃً، ولھا الأعمال الشعریۃ الرائعۃ في الغزل والمنظومات، ولھا الدواوین والمجموعات الشعریۃ الممتازۃ۔ والشاعرۃ پروین شاکر علی نمط شعرائنا المعروفین وخاصۃ الشعر الرومانسي والعاطفي، ومن أھم شعراء الغزل الرومانسي أختر شیراني، فیض، فراز، ساحر لدھیانوي وپروین شاکر۔

دعونا نتعرف علی هؤلاء الشخصيات

أختر شيراني

 شاعر الأردو، محمد داود خان ولد في عائلۃ(راجبوت) عاش في لاھور، وکان والدہ البروفیسور محمود شیرانی أستاذ اللغۃ الفارسیۃ في أحد ثانویات لاھور وُلد أختر شیراني في 1905م وتوفي فی عام 1948م۔

أحمد فراز

ولد في 4 ینایر 9131م وتوفي في 25 أغسطس في 2008 وقد حصل علی المجستیر في اللغۃ الأردیہ والفارسیۃ، وحصل علی الجائزۃ في (آدم جي ادبي ایوارڈ) عام 1988م، وعلی جائزۃ أخری عام 1990م وقد اشتمل النصاب التعلیمي علی بعض أعمالہ الأدبیۃ في جامعۃ (علی گڑھ) وجامعۃ (بشاور)۔

فيض أحمد فيض

 وھذہ الشخصیۃ المعروفۃ لھا المکانۃ في الساحۃ الأدبیۃ والشعر بعد الإقبال [1]في الشعر الأردو، وقد ولد قبل قيام الباکستان عام 1911م في مدینۃ (سیالکوت) في بیت عزِ وشرفٍ، وحصل...

Isolation of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria from the Rhizosphere of Different Plants and Assessment of Their Plant Growth Promotion Potential Isolation of Bacteria and their Assessment for Plant Growth Promotion Potential

Plant are benefitted in different aspects by symbiotic bacteria. Environmental conditions, Plant conditions and type of pathogens determine these important services for plants Objective: The research was conducted to assess the plant growth enhancing effects of wheat and cabbage rhizobacteria on the growth of wheat plantMethods: For this purpose, total 49 bacteria were isolated and characterized from the rhizosphere of wheat and cabbage plants. The isolates were assessed for plant growth promoting properties such as: indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, antibacterial activity and heavy metal resistance. Indole acetic acid was found to be produced by 7 isolates and phosphate solubilization was shown by 20 isolates. Antibacterial activity was determined against four clinical isolates like Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella sp, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosaResults: Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was shown by 38 isolates, 12 isolates showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp, whereas no isolate was found to bepositive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Another plant growth enhancing trait (heavy metal resistance) was shown by 28 rhizobacteria. In order to evaluate the capability of isolates to enhance the plant growth, bio-inoculation assay was performed using wheat seedsConclusions: Rhizobacterial inoculation increased the number of roots, shoots, leaves and roots and shoot length of wheat plantlets as compared to un-inoculated control.  

Response of Maize to Phosphorus Seed Priming

A series of laboratory and field experiments were conducted to study the effect of phosphorus seed priming on emergence, seedling growth and yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) cv. Azam at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab and Bangor University, Wales, UK during 2008 and 2009. Different sources of phosphorus (1 % P) including KH 2 PO 4 , SSP and DAP along with amended solutions of SSP (20 g l -1 KOH, 15 g l -1 NaOH and 12.5 g l -1 Na 2 CO 3 ) were used as priming treatments. Water primed and dry seed were used as control in the experiments. Seeds were primed for 16 h and then air- dried were sown in the mini plot and field for the seedling growth parameters and yield components. Seedlings from mini plot and field were cut at 21 days old stage. Laboratory tests were carried out on the P primed seeds labeled with P 33 to determine the amount of nutrient introgressed into and onto the seed. Germination test of water, P primed and non-primed seed was carried out in low P soil. P 33 labeled primed seeds were planted in tube pots to assess the P mobilization in seedling at three growth stages (7 days after emergence, 14 days after emergence and 21 days after emergence). Phosphorus priming of maize seed for 16 h reduced the time for germination. Three weeks old mini plot and field seedling grown from water, P or P amended solution primed seeds showed higher vigor than unprimed seeds as reflected in fresh and dry shoot weights, fresh shoot height and P shoot content as compared with non-primed seedlings. Additionally the nutrient uptake of seedling was increased due to 1 % P solution priming with KH 2 PO 4 . The seeds primed with P 33 labeled solutions (KH 2 PO 4 ,SSP, and SSP+20 g l -1 KOH) were also used to study the P mobilization in the seedling on three different stages (7 DAE, 14 DAE and 21 DAE) using tube pots. Leaf and root P data showed that phosphorus was effectively mobilized inside the plant due to priming on low P soil and hence helped in reducing the P deficiency in maize to some extent. Data for nutrient introgression by seed revealed that maize seed had introgressed significant amount of P through priming. Also that surface washing of the primed seed only removed 29 % of P from the seed coat. Yield parameters showed positive response to P priming as reflected in cobs yield (126% increased over control), grain and straw yields (85 % and 94% increase over control, respectively), thousand grain weight and P content of grain. Priming maize with SSP + 20 g l -1 KOH showed almost same effect as of KH 2 PO 4 . It was concluded that priming maize with SSP + 20 g l -1 KOH would be effective alternative of KH 2 PO 4 as SSP is generally used fertilizer and KOH is also easily available. This would be easier and cheaper source of priming for resource-poor farmers.