ٹنڈے کباب(طنزومزاح)
ڈاکٹر عبدالرافع
عہد حاضر کے جواں سال طنزو مزاح نگار ،بچوں کے شاعر ڈاکٹر محبوب حسن اپنی تخلیقی جدت کاری و بنت کاری اور ذہنی اختراع کے لیے خاصا مشہور ہیں۔ انھیں پرورش لوح و قلم سے ذہنی مناسبت اور قلبی لگاؤہے۔ تخلیقی ادب بالخصوص میدانِ طنزومزاح کے شہسوار ہیں۔ طنزومزاح کے علاوہ انھیں ادب اطفال اور تحقیق و تنقید سے بھی خاص شغف ہے ،لیکن ان کی بنیادی شناخت ایک طنزومزاح نگار کی حیثیت سے ہے۔ادب اطفال کے حوالے سے ان کی کتاب ‘‘تتلی رانی’’شائع ہو کر قارئین ، مداحین اور ناقدین سے داد و تحسین حاصل کر چکی ہے۔ ‘‘عصمت چغتائی و جین آسٹین’’اور‘‘نکات فکشن’’ جیسی قابل قدر کتابیں موصوف کی تحقیقی و تنقیدی جدت پسندی کی نشاندہی کرتی ہیں۔‘‘عصمت چغتائی و جین آسٹین’’میں مشرق و مغرب کے دو معروف خواتین تخلیق کاروں کی ناول نگاری کا تقابلی مطالعہ پیش کیا گیا ہے جبکہ ‘‘نکات فکشن’’ ان کے تحقیقی و تنقیدی مضامین کا مجموعہ ہے۔طنزیہ و مزاحیہ مضامین پر مشتمل پیش نظر کتاب ‘‘ٹنڈے کباب ’’ ان کی تازہ ترین تخلیقی کاوش ہے۔
ڈاکٹر محبوب حسن کا تخلیقی کارنامہ ‘‘ٹنڈے کباب ’’ طنزومزاح کے میدان میں ایک خوش گوار اضافے کی حیثیت رکھتا ہے۔اپنی پیہم تخلیقی سرگرمیوں کے باعث انہوں نے کم عرصے میں ہی ادب کے ایک وسیع حلقے کو اپنا گرویدہ بنا لیا ہے۔موصوف عام گفتگو میں بھی طنزومزاح کا کوئی نہ کوئی پہلو تلاش کر لیتے ہیں۔ ‘‘ٹنڈے کباب’’اعدادوشمار کے اعتبار سے کل تیرہ مضامین پر مشتمل ہے۔یہ مضامین شگوفہ،کتاب نما،ذہن جدید،ایوان اردو،نیا دور،کسوٹی جدید ، خبرنامہ،انقلاب،کشمیر عظمی ،متاع آخرت،اردو نیٹ جاپان،راشٹریہ سہارا،انڈین اکسپریس جیسے مؤقر ادبی رسائل وروزناموں میں اشاعت ہو کر مقبول خٓص و عام ہو چکے ہیں۔ ان مضامین میں نہ توفلسفیانہ باتیں مذکور ہیں اور نہ ہی کسی اندیکھی دنیاکی داستان پیش کی گئی ہے بلکہ...
This paper deals with Shariah and Tariqat. The decrees of Shariah have two kinds. One is related to the body (which is visible) , while the other one is about the soul (in visible) . Shariah is a combination of visible and un visible decrees. Tariqat is not a separate entity, it is cm integral part of Shariah. The people who consider Tariqat as a separate entity-, as a matter offact they are misguided persons. Tariqat is nothing but a subservient to Shariah. For the purification ofsoul and to make one self abiding by the laws of Shariah, the Sufia have proposed some specific practices and activities for their followers. They asked their followers to strictly adhere to these practices. Not only for the followers hut also for the spiritual guides; it is incumbent on them to follow the rules ofShariah whether these are related to body or to the soul. Irrespective of the position of the spiritual guide, he should also abide by the laws ofShariah. His Sufipractices. supernatural events or miracles have no value and no acceptance to the Almighty - Allah. Tariqat must be under the rules of Shariah, other wise it will not be accep
The performance of crossbred cattle at military and other institutional dairy farms in Punjab was evaluated. The studies were conducted at three military dairy farms, one government farm of Livestock and Dairy Development Department and the experimental farm at University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Data on first and later lactations of crossbred dairy cattle (n=8375) from three Military dairy herds from 1984 to 2007 were used to study the effect of genetic group, herd, year and season of calving and parity on productive and reproductive traits using a general linear model. The overall 305-d milk yield, total milk yield, lactation length and dry period were 1944±36.7 kg, 1874±36.8 kg, 255±3.2 days and 224±11.8 days, respectively. The service period, calving interval, and gestation period averaged 196±10.6 days, 469±10.9 days, and 274±0.28 days, respectively. The phenotypic trend was positive for most of the productive traits. However, productive life and herd life decreased over the years. Deterioration in service period and calving interval was also obvious. Wide variation in performance traits of crossbred dairy cattle of three Military herds showed significant effects of management and feeding at these farms. At Livestock Experiment Station Qadirabad, overall 305-d milk yield, total milk yield, lactation length, dry period, service period and calving interval were 2453.1±63.26 kg, 2601.8±72.12 kg, 291.3±5.24 days, 170±13.34 days, 181±12.94 days and 465±12.98 days, respectively. The generations, season and year of calving and parity were the significant factors influencing performance traits. The phenotypic trends was negative for total milk yield (-24kg/year), lactation length (-0.3 days/year), productive life (-13 days/year) and herd life (-24 days/year). Significant deterioration in productive traits was found after F 1 generation. Pattern of calving was compared between Sahiwal crossbreds (Friesian or Jersey) and Nili-Ravi buffaloes and purebred Sahiwal cattle. Lactation records of 9,174, 22,499 and 656 of Nili-Ravi buffaloes, Sahiwal and crossbred cattle were used for this purpose. Seasonality of calving is more pronounced in buffaloes than Sahiwal and crossbred cattle in Pakistan. The relationship between days open and seasonality of calving in the Nili-Ravi buffaloes, Sahiwal and Crossbred cattle was also established using the same dataset. Nili-Ravi buffaloes and crossbred cows calving in winter had fewer days open than those calving in summer. Nili- Ravi and Sahiwal herds showed deterioration in days open over the years. There was an average increase (per year) of 1.5 days in days open for Nili-Ravis and 0.6 days for Sahiwals. Increase in days open over the years was also observed for Sahiwal crossbreds. Individual and maternal effects both for additive and heterotic gene actions in milk yield and reproductive traits were estimated using data of 178 cows (740 lactations) at University herd. Individual heterosis was statistically significant for traits like age at first calving, 305-day milk yield, total milk yield and productive life. Performance of animals however, improved as the Bos taurus inheritance increased but going beyond 75% deteriorated performance especially traits such as productive life.