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Assessment & Analysis of Drinking Water Quality of Water Filtration Plants by Using Computer Tools

Thesis Info

Author

Saima Kausar

Supervisor

Shafaat A. Khan

Department

Department of Health Informatics

Program

MS

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2010

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Health Informatics

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676720420609

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وقت ایک دولت ہے

وقت ایک دولت ہے
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’وقت ایک دولت ہے ‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
وقت واقعی ایک دولت ہے، جس نے وقت کی رفتار کے ساتھ چلنے کا ڈھنگ سیکھ لیا وہ دولت مند بن گیا ، صاحب ثروت ہو گیا ،سلیقہ شعار ہو گیا، ہنر مند بن گیا، سعادت مند بن گیا ، اس کی تجوریاں ہیرو جواہرات سے بھر گئیں، اس کے گھر میں غربت و افلاس کے شجر سایہ دار سے خزاں آشناء ہوگئی۔
جنابِ صدر!
وقت کے صحیح استعمال سے جہاں انسان ظاہری طور پر خوشحال ہوجاتا ہے۔ وہاں اس کے باطنی خدوخال بھی سنور جاتے ہیں، اس کو روحانی تازگی میسر آتی ہے، اس کی ذہنی آسودگی کو چار چاند لگ جاتے ہیں ،اس کی پریشانیاں دور ہو جاتی ہیں اور اس کی مشکلات آسان ہو جاتی ہیں۔ وقت کی قدر کرنے والے واقعی اس دولت سے بھر پور فائدہ اٹھاتے ہیں۔
محترم صدر!
اگر کائنات کی رنگینیوں کو امعان نظر سے دیکھیں تو ہر شے وقت کی تسبیح میں پروئی ہوئی نظر آتی ہے۔ سورج اپنے وقت پرمشرق سے طلوع ہوتا اور وقت پر ہی مغرب میں غروب ہو جاتا ہے۔ ستارے اپنی روشنی بکھیرتے ہوئے آتے ہیں اور وقت پر ہی صبح نور کی بشارت دے کر رخصت ہو جاتے ہیں اللہ تعالیٰ نے کائنات کے تمام نظام کو وقت کے دھارے میں محصور کیا ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
مؤذن کی اذان وقت پر ہوتی ہے۔ خطیب کا خطبہ وقت پر ہوتا ہے۔ حج کا فیصلہ وقت پر ہوتا ہے۔ شہید کے خون کا قطرہ وقت پر گرتاہے، غازی میدان جنگ میں وقت...

مولانا حافظ محمد شفیع اوکاڑوی کے تفسیری نکات سماجی بہبود کے تناظر میں

Qruan is the last divine book which revealed on last Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Every thing regarding to human guidance is mentioned in this book. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) explained all the aspects of human life according to the Quranic commandments. After Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), his companions and Muslim Scholars (Ulama) of all regions in every era discussed the Quranic commandments in different forms. Their efforts in this regards called "Tafseer" (comments on verses). In this article an attempt will be made to discuss about Moulana Muhammad Shafi Okarvi's Tafseeri points regarding to social welfare. Moulana Okarvi discussed the some core aspects of social welfare according to Quranic guidence just like equality, mutual cooperation and women rights.

Computational Dynamics of Chemotherapy Induced Cognitive Dysfunction

Chemotherapy is the mainstay treatment option for clinical cancer management. The treatment however brings myriad of signs and symtoms one of which include cognitive dysfunction also known as chemobrain. Human cognitive tasks are primarily conducted by hippocampal neurons in brain. The process of cognition primarily involved learning and memory by synaptic plasticity. This plasticity is structured by the process of long term potentiation (LTP). Proteins involved in LTP can be affected by chemotherapy leading to chemobrain. This work involves computational study of molecular interactions mediated by various chemotherapeutic drugs on LTP. Moreover, the study secondarily involves characterization of immediate early gene NPAS4 activated by LTP and identification of its dimerization characterstics by MD simulation. This precedes a computational assessment of 65 chemotherapeutic drugs for their off-target interactions against the major proteins involved in neuronal long term potentiation pathway. The cancer chemo-drugs were subjected to induced-fit docking followed by scoring alignment and drug-targets interaction analysis. The results were further probed by electrostatic potential computation and ligand binding affinity prediction of the top complexes. The study identified novel off-target interactions by Dactinomycin, Temsirolimus, and Everolimus against NMDA, AMPA, PKA and ERK2, while Irinotecan, Bromocriptine and Dasatinib were top interacting drugs for CaMKII. Secondarily this work presents the structural characterization of NPAS4 which is a neurological stimulation dependent transcription factor, accountable for adjusting the verbalization of genes tangled in neurotransmission. Although NPAS4 role has been implicated in various neurological deficits, details about its tertiary structure are scarcely available. Therefore, we executed the Phylogenetic analysis followed by determination of order-disorder proportion of amino acids with hydrophobic and flexible characteristics. As no cytsallized structure of NPAS4 available till date, we also studied its crystallization propensity alongwith post translational modifications and protein binding areas. The NPAS4 3 dimensional model was predicted via utilization of various methods such as MUSTER, LOMET, RAPTOR-X, Phyre, ITASSER and SPARSKS-X. The best model was opted via the analysis of Q-Mean, Ramachandran Plot and PROSA. The opted model then underwent refinement via MODREFINER. Lastly, the NPAS4 interaction partners were determined via STRING database. The phylogenetic analysis of human NPAS4 gene suggested close resemblance with other primates like gibbons, chimpanzees and monkey. The phsysicohemical characteristics of NPAS4 demonstrated it to be an intrinsically disordered protein withordered region on N-terminal. The post translational modification inquiry suggested lack of acetylation and mannosylation sites. The PAS-A domain constituted 3 potential phosphorylation sites while the PAS-B domain harbored 1 phosphorylation site. The estimated NPAS4 tertiary structure suggested bHLH and PAS domain harbor tertiary structure whilst the rest of the protein relected disorder property. The protein protein interaction scrutiny unfolded NPAS4 interaction with numerous proteins engaged in nuclear transportation of protein to cytoplasm, neurodevelopmental pathologies and neuronal stimulation based gene transcription. Furthermore, the analysis also briefed direct involvement of protein involved in neuronal plasticity and survival. The present study can help in substantiating NPAS4 role in neuromodulation of cell signaling and survival pathways.