ابوالفیض سحر
اردو کے ایک اور اچھے شاعر و ادیب اور تحریک کے خاموش مگر سرگرم اور مخلص خدمت گزار جناب ابوالفیض سحر ۲۲؍ جون کی شب میں حرکت قلب بند ہوجانے سے وفات پاگئے اور ۲۳؍ جون کو ۱۱ بجے دن میں بستی حضرت نظام الدین میں واقع قبرستان میں دہلی کے شعرا و ادبا اور متعلقین کی کثیر تعداد کی موجودگی میں سپردخاک کردیے گئے۔
وہ بالکل ٹھیک تھے، انتقال کے روز نوئیڈا میں جناب رفعت سروش کے گھر ایک تقریب میں شرکت کے لیے گئے تھے، شام کو واپس آئے توکچھ بے چینی محسوس کی، رات تک طبیعت زیادہ خراب ہوئی تو اسپتال میں داخل کیے گئے جہاں روح قفس عنصری سے پرواز کرگئی، ان کی صحت بہتر رہتی تھی مگر اس سے پہلے بھی ایک بار دل کا دورہ پڑچکا تھا، یہ دوسرا دورہ جان لیوا ثابت ہوا۔
سحر صاحب مارن پیٹ ضلع محبوب نگر (آندھراپردیش) میں ۱۹؍ فروری ۱۹۳۷ء کو ایک متوسط گھرانے میں پیدا ہوئے تھے محبوب نگر ہائی اسکول کے اردو میڈیم اسکول سے میڑک کیا، مزید تعلیم کے لیے حیدرآباد گئے، چادرگھاٹ کالج سے انٹر کیا اور کالج میگزین کے اڈیٹر ہوئے، پھر عثمانیہ یونیورسٹی حیدرآباد کے آرٹس کالج سے بی۔اے کیا، ٹیوشن سے تعلیمی اخراجات پورا کرتے تھے، بی۔اے کرنے کے بعد حیدرآباد کے ایک قدیم اور مشہور اسکول اشرف المدارس میں ٹیچر ہوگئے مگر جلد ہی یہ ملازمت چھوڑ کر ایم۔اے کرنے کے لیے یونیورسٹی میں داخلہ لیا، مجلہ عثمانیہ کے اڈیٹر بھی ہوئے، اسی زمانے میں انہیں ماہر لسانیات پروفیسر مسعود حسین خاں سے تلمذ کا فخر حاصل ہوا، جو سحر صاحب کو ان کے اخلاص اور اردو سے دلچسپی کی بنا پر بہت عزیز رکھتے تھے، باگاریڈی صاحب سے بھی سحر صاحب ان کی اردو دوستی کی وجہ سے بہت قریب ہوگئے تھے، ایم۔اے کرنے...
The of life Holy source primary Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) is a guidance for Muslim Ummah. Prophetic guidance is not restricted to theverbal instructions only but he has at times used the Gestures to expressand explain the things. This is a significant area of Hadith sciences whichHis. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet the of Language body and gestures the with dealscompanions (R. A) not only preserved his verbal instructions, dictatedwords, silent approvals, and actions of their beloved Prophet (ﷺ) but theyalso preserved his (ﷺ) gestures and body language. This paper discussesthe Gestures of the Holy Prophet with special reference to their virtual andvisual interpretations. The purpose of this research is to critically analyzethe Gestures of the Holy prophet and their importance in communicatingthe message to the audience. The method used for this research paper isdescriptive and analytical. The analysis of the prophetic traditions revealed(صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet where Hadith in examples significant been have there thatused the gestures to explain his words and thoughts which helped inconveying the message. Visual explanations and diagrams of some of thegestures have also been included in the article to explore and highlight theirsignificance. This article reveals that use of gestures is helpful incommunicating the message to the audience, and this aspect of Sīrah mustbe utilized during interactive sessions and verbal discussions. Furthermore, current research paper recommends that adequate body language andGestures are the vital means of teaching, tablīgh, and successfulcommunication in the light of Sīrah studies.
This dissertation consists of four essays measuring impact of microfinance. For the first three essays growth in microfinance is measured, with respect to five dimensions i.e. Number of active borrowers, Gross Loan Portfolio, Total Assets, Personnel and Equity. To investigate impact of growth in microfinance, microfinance index is developed by using principle component analysis and then panel regression models i.e. fixed effect and random effect models are applied. Whereas for the fourth essay stock prices of microfinance institutions are used in the analysis. In the first essay moderating role of political stability in the relationship between microfinance and financial stability is investigated. To unfold the relationship data of thirty eight countries from 1999 to 2012 is analyzed in the essay. This essay concludes that with growth in microfinance and political stability financial stability escalates but the effect of growth in microfinance on financial stability may not be same for politically stable and unstable countries. Although growth in microfinance will increase financial stability in both politically stable and unstable countries but its role is more prominent and effective in politically unstable countries. In the second essay role of entrepreneurial thrust in the relationship between growth in microfinance and growth of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is investigated. A panel of 15 countries from 2004 to 2013 is investigated in this analysis. The study documented that in isolation microfinance may not increase growth of MSMEs but if a borrower possess entrepreneurial thrust then growth in MSMEs is evident. For the third essay three relevant millennium development goals i.e. (Eradicate extreme poverty & hunger, Improve maternal health & promote gender equality and empower ix women) are chosen to examine the impact of microfinance on millennium development goals in the presence of political stability as a moderating variable. Data of 32 countries from 2000 to 2012 is analyzed for checking impact of microfinance on poverty alleviation, whereas data of 41 countries from 2000 to 2012 is analyzed to investigate impact of microfinance on women empowerment and maternal health. The research concluded a positive role of microfinance in poverty alleviation and improving maternal health whereas a partial impact on education aspect of women empowerment is detected. In the fourth essay diversification benefits of including a microfinance stocks in a portfolio is analyzed. Prices of seven micro-finance stocks and stock indices of respective countries from five countries are taken from Thomson One banker database. Mean variance spanning test is applied to investigate the relationship. Although lesser or sometimes negative correlation between micro-finance stocks and international portfolio is spotted but no diversification benefits are identified by inclusion of micro-finance stocks in the portfolio.