آہ! مولانا پروفیسر سید محمد اجتباء ندوی مرحوم
افسوس کہ گذشتہ ماہ ہندوستان کی ملت اسلامیہ، ایک اور نمایاں اور قابل قدر ہستی کی خدمات سے محروم ہوگئی، خبر آئی کہ مشہور عالم، عربی اور اردو کے ممتاز صاحب قلم مولانا پروفیسر سید محمد اجتباء ندوی نے ۲۰؍ جون کو دہلی میں داعی اجل کو لبیک کہا، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
مولانا مرحوم ہمارے علما کے اس طبقے سے تھے جن کی تعلیم و تربیت خالص دینی بنیادوں پر استوار ہوئی لیکن جن کے فیضان نظر سے عصری تعلیم کے ادارے بھی بہرہ ور ہوئے اور جنہوں نے اپنے علم و عمل سے جدید دانش گاہوں میں صرف دینی اداروں کی عظمت و توقیر میں ہی اضافہ نہیں کیا بلکہ اس مذہبی حمیت و غیرت اور خالص دینی تشخص کی پاسداری، بڑی استواری سے کی جس کا اولین سبق انہوں نے اپنے والد ماجد مولانا سید محمد مصطفی سے حاصل کیا تھا، ان کے والد ضلع بستی میں حضرت سید احمد شہیدؒ کی دعوت اور طرز تربیت میں اپنے جدامجد سید جعفر علی نقوی کے جانشین تھے جن کو امام شہیدؒ کی قربت ومعیت حاصل تھی، حضرت سید احمد شہیدؒ سے تعلق کا مبارک اثر ان کے پورے خاندان پر رہا، جس کی وجہ سے والدین نے بچپن ہی سے اسلامی و اخلاقی کہانیاں سنا کر اور خود اپنے عمل سے ایسی ذہن سازی کی کہ آئندہ زندگی میں وہ جہاں بھی رہے، راہ حق و جادۂ اعتدال سے ذرا منحرف نہیں ہوئے، دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلما کے بعد انہوں نے دمشق یونیورسٹی اور علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی سے سندیں حاصل کیں اور طالب علمی کے بعد معلمی کا دور جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ، کشمیر یونیورسٹی اور الہ آباد یونیورسٹی میں پورا کیا، پروفیسر ہوئے، صدر شعبہ ہوئے، اس کے علاوہ درمیان میں کچھ وقفہ مدینہ منورہ، ریاض و...
Ijtiha'd is to make utmost endeavor in the light of the basic sources of Islam, the Qur'an and Sunnah to develop the most viable rulings on the new challenges of the time. Muslim scholars have always risen to new challenges. In the contemporary period many Muslim scholars attempted to resolve new problems keeping in view the very objectives of Islamic Law (mtufd al-shari’ah) , which is totally different from literal understanding and application of the rulings of the Qur'an and Sunnah. This article seeks to highlight the contribution of some Muslim scholars in the contemporary period to the application of matpsid al-shari'ah as a principle of ijtihud
Teacher absenteeism is a big dilemma in many educational institutions in Pakistan. The current work intends to extend our understanding of the causes of teacher absenteeism and the effects of absenteeism on students? performance at public secondary schools in district Kech (Turbat), Balochistan, Pakistan. The main purpose of the research was to find out the causes of teacher absenteeism and the effects of absenteeism on students? performance at public secondary schools of district Kech, Balochistan. This research adopted descriptive survey design to collect data from 10 headmasters, 5 headmistresses, 147 teachers and 646 students of Grade 9th and 10th from the public secondary schools of district Kech, Balochistan.
For this research, 10 questionnaires for headmasters, 5 questionnaires for headmistresses and 147 for teachers were used as research instruments. In addition, 646 questionnaires for students of class 9th and 10th were also used as research instruments. and document analysis were used as research instruments as well. Reliability of the questionnaires was tested and enhanced coefficient of .876. Stratified sampling technique was used for selecting 10 males and 5 female public secondary schools out of 60 public secondary schools of district Kech, Balochistan. Random sampling technique was used for the selection of students and the purposive sampling technique was used to select teachers. Data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative data were coded and analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentage in (SPSS) version 23.0. The study revealed that the teacher absenteeism has negative effects on students? performance.
The study established that teachers illness, lack of regular supervision and assessment, high workload, teachers strike, teachers unions, other administrative duties, poor salaries, private business, attending test or interviews of other jobs, job dissatisfaction, lack of visit in schools by higher concern authorities, long distance or far from district education offices, lack of interest and non-availability of in-service teachers training, political approach ,poor infrastructure are the key causes of teachers absenteeism.
In addition, this study also established that teacher absenteeism has negative effects on students? performance. The given course of the students cannot be completed. Low-grade marks in annual exams, the high dropout rate of students, violence among students in the classroom, poor performance, slow learning process, low quality of education are the effects of teacher?s absenteeism on students. This is also supported by this research that when a teacher is absent from the classroom, students learning is disrupted. When the teacher is repeatedly absent, students? performance can be significantly affected in a negative way. The results of the analysis also support the previous research findings that higher teacher absenteeism leads to lower student scores on standardized tests. The present study recommends that in order to reduce teacher absenteeism there is need to address the factors causing teachers absenteeism effectively. This research established that regular supervision, handsome salaries, good and conducive environment, adequate teachers, good infrastructure, guidance and counseling program, in-service teachers training can reduce the rate of teacher?s absenteeism in public secondary schools of district Kech, Balochistan.
Moreover, Future teacher absenteeism studies also need to be conducted to identify the key determinants with more explanatory variables and computing the teacher absenteeism of the different level of schools in the entire Balochistan and in other parts of the country.