کاکا محمد اسمٰعیل مرحوم مدراسی
( مولوی ثناء اﷲ)
کاکا اسمٰعیل صاحب مرحوم قوم ملت کی ان شخصیتوں میں تھے، جنھوں نے لاکھوں روپیہ کمایا اور لاکھوں قوم و ملت کی راہ میں صرف کیا، ہندوستان کے بہت سے مذہبی و قومی ادارے ان کی فیاضی سے سیراب ہوئے تھے، ایسے محسن قوم کے حالات سے دوسرے ارباب ثروت سبق حاصل کرسکتے ہیں۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی)
علاقہ مدراس ضلع نارتھ آرکاٹ کا تاریخی مقام گڑھ آمبور کاکا محمد اسمٰعیل صاحب کا وطن تھا، آپ کے والد کاکا حاجی محمد عمر صاحب ایک دیندار بزرگ، دولتمند تاجر علماء کے عقیدت مند، فیاض اور غریب پرور تھے، دینی اور اصلاحی کاموں میں پیش پیش رہتے تھے، مدراس کی روشن کمپنی جو علم نوازی میں مشہور تھی اور اب بند ہوگئی آپ اس کے ایک رکن تھے، گڑھ آمبور سے متصل اپنے نام کی مناسبت سے عمرآباد نامی ایک گاؤں آباد کیا اور وہیں ایک اعلیٰ دینی درسگاہ و مدرسہ دارالسلام کے نام سے ۱۹۲۴ء میں قائم کی چند ہی سال بعد دسمبر ۱۹۲۷ء میں آپ کا انتقال ہوگیا، آپ کے بعد آپ کے فرزند اکبر کاکا محمد اسمٰعیل صاحب نے جملہ کاروبار کو نہایت خوبی سے سنبھالا، والد مرحوم کی جملہ خوبیوں کے علاوہ آپ میں اور بھی بہت سے کمالات تھے، علمی اور دینی خدمت کے جذبہ سے سرشار تھے، دولت کا بیشتر حصہ ملی و قومی کاموں میں خرچ کرتے تھے، صاحب دل مخلص، موحد اور متبع سنت تھے، متعدد علمی ادارے بذات خود چلارہے تھے، حسب ذیل ادارے آپ کی یادگار ہیں:
۱۔ جامعہ داراسلام عمر آباد: یہ ایک اعلیٰ دینی درس گاہ ہے جس طلباء کی تعداد سوسے متجاوز ہے، اس میں رہائش، خوراک اور درسی کتابوں کا انتظام بغیر کسی فیس کے مدرسہ کی طرف سے ہوتا ہے، اساتذہ کی تعداد گیارہ بارہ...
This research work aims to investigate the impact of privatization on the performing efficiency of MCB Bank Limited Privatization and the phenomenon of denationalization after the failure of socialism and communism globally. As the direction of enteritis was predetermined by state which in long term affected the performance of state-owned entities on many fronts even they reached at the verge of collapse and state was compelled to inject capital for their survival. Ultimately the state took drastic steps and initiated the process of denationalization and privatization to keep the industry intact in the changed scenario. In 1974, during Z.A. Bhutto regime Pakistan’s banking industry was nationalized with prime objective to address the issues of backward segments of economy but unfortunately after privatization industry was used for political motives and witnessed poor performance and financial indiscipline due to frequent interference in the affairs of banks particularly in lending activities and hiring of inefficient human resources. Resultantly banks failed to deliver as per expectation of masses and could not deliver quality customer services on one hand and accumulation of infected portfolio on the other which in turn swallowed the profitability and the capital of banks. It is revealed that bank has tremendously performed in all Key Performing Indicators, it has improved its profitability manifold, deposit base is significantly enhanced and became more liquid and solvent.
Tularemia, caused by Francisella tularensis (F. tularensis), is a zoonotic disease transmitted through contact with infected animals and contaminated environment. The disease has been reported from many countries of the world but no study has been done in Pakistan. In the current project, a total of 2280 soil samples representing 456 villages of eight districts of Punjab province were collected from way-points having human-animal interaction, processed for genomic extraction and tested through real time PCR for presence or absence of F. tularensis. Association of risk factors was determined from data such as gender and age of animals, plough method, irrigation system, fertilizer type used, availability of veterinary services, level of farmer education, physical and chemical composition of the soil. Moreover serum samples (n=707) collected randomly from goat (n = 200), sheep (n = 175), cattle (n = 179), and buffalo (n = 153) were analyzed for antibodies against F. tularensis by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seventy four soil samples (3.24 percent) were found positive for F. tularensis. Phylogenetic analysis showed 100 percent similarity index with F. tularensis sub specie holarctica reported from other regions like USA, Sweden, Spain, Turkey and Germany. Presence of F. tularensis in soil showed negative association with increase in number of human density (0.7159; 0.3834- 0.2054). Prevalence of anti- Ft ELISA antibodies were significantly higher (p<0.05) in large ruminants (cattle and buffalo) as compared to small ruminants (goat and sheep). Age and gender- wise analyses showed non-significant differences (p>0.05) between small and large ruminants. Whereas, rain-irrigation system (2.96: 1.35- 6.48), lack of veterinary services (4.77:1.26-18.03) and use of organic fertilizer (5.3: 11.38- 20.39) have positive association with prevalence of anti- Ft ELISA antibodies in the serum. Sero-prevalence of F. tularensis in the animals has significant viiassociation with quantity of clay in soil (p<0.05). A conventional PCR based test has also been optimized for detection of F. tularensis using tul4 gene specific primers. Specificity of primer showed Ft detection in soil DNA in the presence of other cross-reactive organism. Sensitivity was determined in two fold dilutions with detection limit of up to 320 pg/μL. Utilizing pET28a vector, a construct was prepared containing transformed tul4 gene (450bp) showing 100 percent sequence homology to query gene sequence. For manufacturing diagnostic assays especially in developing countries where availability of BSL-3 facilities and positive control reagents is an issue, provision of tul4 gene based constructs in vector can act as positive control and safe to use.