شانتی رنجن بھٹا چاریہ
جناب شانتی رنجن بھٹا چاریہ کے انتقال سے اردو زبان اپنے ایک مخلص خادم اور زبردست شیدائی سے محروم ہوگئی وہ موجودہ بنگلہ دیش کے ضلع جیسور میں پیدا ہوئے تھے اور ان کی تعلیم حیدرآباد میں ہوئی تھی مگر کلکتہ ان کی سرگرمیوں کا مرکز رہا وہ عرصہ تک مغربی بنگال کے محکمۂ اطلاعات سے اور کچھ عرصہ تک مرکزی وزارت اطلاعات و نشریات سے بھی وابستہ رہے، جناب شانتی رنجن بنگالی اور اردو دونوں کے ماہر اور اردو کے ممتاز مصنف تھے۔ انہوں نے بنگلہ ادب کی تاریخ کے علاوہ بنگالی ناولوں کے ترجمے سے بھی اردو کے سرمایہ میں اضافہ کیا، وہ انجمن ترقی اردو کی مجلس عام اور اردو یونیورسٹی کمیٹی کے رکن بھی تھے، بنگال میں اردو کے فروغ اور مغربی بنگال اردو اکیڈمی کے قیام میں ان کا بڑا دخل تھا، ان کی ادبی خدمات کے اعتراف میں میر اکیڈمی لکھنؤ اور ساہتیہ اکیڈمی دہلی سے انہیں ایوارڈ بھی ملے، شانتی رنجن جی ہماری مشترکہ تہذیب کے عاشق اور صحیح معنوں میں سیکولر تھے، ہر شخص سے خوش اخلاقی اور گرم جوشی سے ملتے، راقم سے بھی دوبار ملاقات ہوئی تو اپنے خلوص و محبت کا نقش دل پر بیٹھا گئے۔ (ضیاء الدین اصلاحی۔ اکتوبر ۱۹۹۳ء)
The Pakistani youth are engaged day and night in a struggle for attainment of education, technology, and status. But what is deplorable is that they have forgotten their cultural values, ethics, code of life, and religious identity in order to unite with external powers in becoming part of the drive for development and they have become ignorant of their fundamental responsibilities as a member of the Muslim Ummah. What are the priorities and issues facing Muslims on the local, national, and international levels? Especially in Europe and America the Muslim youth are standing at the crossroads. They are undergoing a religious, ideological, and moral decline. History is eye witness to how the Muslim youth made valuable sacrifices in all walks of life and persevered in making incredible achievements. Moreover, it is the three-fold ideological, cultural, and emotional invasion of the anti-Islamic forces which has been the cause of a weakening of faith in the Muslim Ummah in general and the young generation in particular, since ideology is of primary significance for any nation, religion, movement, or group. It is true that nations are formed and sustained on the basis of ideology. The moment the ideological base is weakened, decline and dissolution become the fate of nations. They are unaware of how it is our foremost national duty and an urgent need to develop scholars who would propagate the Islamic agenda. Contrastively, the anti-Islamic forces are engaged in engendering their representatives. Hence, in order to safeguard our youth from ideological and religious dissolution it is necessary that educational and cultural steps are taken in society in advance so that our youth are provided with a wholesome environment free of ideological dissolution. An outline of the article is given below: The importance and significance of the prime of youth, The ideological propensities of the youth, The causes of dissension in youth, The remedy of dissension, are discussed in detail in this article.
This study tries to explore the factors that are responsible to derive the import demand of Halal meat in OIC countries by employing a regional trade introversion index and three forms (simple, augmented, and dynamic) of the trade gravity model. This analysis uses data of Halal meat (chapter 02 of HS codes, excluding pig and other Haram meat) from 2002 to 2014. The estimation technique adopted in this study is PCSE (Panel Corrected Standard Errors). The computed values of regional trade introversion index show that OIC countries are continuously losing intra-OIC trade of Halal meat. And with the passage of time OIC members tend to import more and more of Halal meat from nonOIC members. Our dynamic gravity model fits best to explain the variation in Halal meat import demand by OIC bloc. Our results reveal that; per capita income and population size of the importing country, and livestock production level in exporting country are the primary drivers of the Halal meat import demand and their positive coefficients are highly statistically significant at 1%; while, price of the Halal meat in exporting country and official exchange rate of importing country negatively impact the import flow of Halal meat to OIC members. Moreover, the results categorize Halal meat as a normal good (not a luxury) for OIC members with price elasticity (Ed = 0.15) and income elasticity (Ey = 0.16). Furthermore, OIC members import relatively more quantities of Halal meat from distant countries than from adjacent countries, suggesting negative coefficient for "distance" variable, which is against the theory of the traditional trade gravity model. "OIC" and "GATT" membership is not contributing to enhance Halal meat import of OIC bloc, and OIC members are yet away from the goal of increased intra-OIC trade. Holding other factors constant; common language, border adjacency, and similarity in school of thoughts are also the factors that enhance import of Halal meat. Developing a common Halal meat market and one Halal certification body under OIC, can enhance intra-OIC Halal meat trade. Moreover, reducing tariff and non-tariff barriers among OIC members, improving livestock production level, creating buyers' and suppliers' trade and trust relations, and promoting long-term trade agreements among OIC members can help OIC members to lead or at least govern global Halal meat markets, and to increase intraOIC trade intensity in Halal meat and all other commodities