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Impact of Organiztional Justice on Employee Performance

Thesis Info

Author

Abdullah Zafar

Supervisor

Asif Shehzad

Department

Department of Management Sciences

Program

MBA

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Management Sciences

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676720556538

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جاڑے کا موسم

جاڑے کا موسم

جاڑے کا موسم حیرت سے
میرا منہ تکتا رہتا ہے

کیسے اُس کی لمبی راتیں
کیسے اُس کی ٹھنڈی راتیں
میں تنہا ہی کاٹ رہا ہوں

وہ کیا جانے میرے دل کو
میں اُس کی لمبی راتوں میں
میں اُس کی ٹھنڈی راتوں میں
بھول کے چاند بھی جاڑے کا میں
کمرے اندر بیٹھ کے بس میں
یاد تمہیں کرتا رہتا ہوں

جاڑے کا موسم حیرت سے
میرا منہ تکتا رہتا ہے

Worldly Portent of Face Uncovering and Women’s Dilapidation: A Comparative Study in Context With Quranic Injunctions

Assyrian Text is witnessed that women used veil for face covering with an additional piece of cloth about 13 centuries before the Christ. Then history of mankind displays veil in Egyptian society that was transparent and normally white in color. We found a handful evidences in Greek literature regarding veiling of face. History travels to Anglo-Saxon age and witnessed that women used veil to cover their hair of head. The head covering shows a biological reasoning also. Roman culture was the culture of fantasy, the veils were full of colorful, and multi designed veil arranged by flowers and different beautiful substantial. In Roman, veil developed from only head covering to shoulder covering and then from head to back covering. British regime also enrich the history of veil. There was beautiful designed, decorated with net clothes and covered with beautiful embroidery. The veil was empowered by elite community in England. Later it was popularized as a fashion in colonial communities. Through this thorough historic discussion, it is approved that veil used by women has a long history as the human history. In religious context, Hinduism is understood as the oldest religion on globe, it is found that in Harappan times about 2500 BC, Aryan women used to wear full body covering single cloth from head covering to foot, which was preached in Hindu religious book Vedas also, later the single cloth was known as Sari. And after the introduction of Christianity, Veil was introduced as a compulsory symbol of religion. Veil of whole body with strict rules can be seen in the form of Christian nun. Later, Islam explained veil of women in public as an obligatory sign. Islam is the youngest religion on earth, it was published rapidly and the implication of its rules are practiced prominently. After a thorough historic and religious discussion, it if proved in this article that veil was a compulsory part of human society and religions before Islam had also preached for veiling.  

Ants Inspired Traffic Classification in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc network is new paradigm in communication networks. Unlike wired or internet, these are wireless networks consisting of mobile nodes which are rapidly deployable and self organizing in nature. Communication between network nodes takes place through scarce wireless channels. Each node is capable of relaying the traffic of other nodes, so called multi hop network. The rising popularity and commercial usage of MANETs demands support for Quality of Service in such networks to work effectively. Supporting QoS in such ad hoc environments has been broadly accepted as a tricky problem due to particular uniqueness of these networks such as dynamics of the environment, node mobility, and improbability of availability of resources. Active research is underway in the area of providing quality of service in mobile ad hoc networks but work is still considered in its nascent stage, which can broadly be categorized in two main streams. One deals with proposing extensions in already proposed best effort routing protocols, while other is dedicated towards developing purpose built QoS aware routing protocols based on conventional routing approaches. Both of these strategies are unable to offer a mature solution for dynamics of MANET environment. Recent research in swarm intelligence has revealed matching properties between the routing requirements of communication networks and certain tasks that exist in social vinsect colonies. Research community has proposed promising solutions for routing in dynamic ad hoc networks on the basis of these swarm intelligence principles. In this thesis, in the first stage, simulation has been carried out for performance evaluation of two leading MANET routing protocols to emphasize the ineffectiveness of conventional routing techniques. In the second stage, a novel QoS provisioning scheme called Ants Inspired Traffic Classification in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks has been developed which is based on Swarm intelligence obtained through stigmergy process found in nature like ant colony. Most of the conventional routing approaches heavily rely on feedback from other layers while this approach is layer independent in nature. Service classes are made available through the proposed solution in order to serve according to priority of the traffic. The solution uses an adaptive approach giving alternate QoS supporting paths, which are instantly made available in case of degraded performance that often happens in dynamic environment of MANET. Redundant routes often appear in MANET’s dynamic environment and remain present in routing tables thus increasing overheads. The proposed solution addresses this issue through evaporation property of Pheromone in Swarm Intelligence. In our case, the most important parameter of QoS is considered in terms of Bandwidth. Our SI based protocol defines traffic paths in the network of various classes belonging to different range of bandwidths.