Before the creation of Pākistān, there were multiple points functional as circles of Qur’ānic Durūs. Among these, Dars-e- Qur’ān by Sheikh al Tafsīr Maulānā Aḥmad ‘Alī Lāhorī (d:1381A.H/1962A.D) was of a distinguished standing. Scholars from remote areas of Delhī, Luckhnow, and even of Deobund used to come over here for the genesis of the Qur’ān. Among these personalities is Maulānā Akhlāq Ḥusain Qāsmī of Delhī as well as the famous and great literary figure of the Islamic World Maulānā Abu’l-Ḥasan ‘Alī Nadvī (d:1420A.H/1999A.D). Maulānā ‘Alī Mian made a mention of it in the session of ‘Ālmī Rābitah al Adab al Islāmī in 1999 A.D at Lāhore. He said,“I confess with pride that I have gained a lot from Maulānā Aḥmad ‘Alī Lāhorī”. Moreover, these were not only the orthodox scholars who benefited from Ḥaḍrat Lāhorī but a large number of modern scholars were also on his panel as well-wishers. The name of the famous literary and scholarly figure Dr. Syed ‘Abdallāh (d:1406-A.H/1986A.D) may be quoted as an example. Prior to and after the creation of Pākistān, out of many distinguished Qur’ānic Circles, a few of these are particularly worth mentioning:
Maulānā Abu’l-Ḥasanāt Qādrī (Masjid-e-Wazīr Khān)
Maulānā Dāwūd Ghaznavī (Chuniān Wālī Masjid)
Maulānā Ghulām Murshid (Bādshāhī Masjid)
Maulānā ‘Abdallāh Farūqī (Delhi Muslim Hotel, Old Anār Kalī)
Maulānā Maudūdī (‘Abd al-Karīm Road, Qil‘ah Gojar Singh).
Dr. Isrār Aḥmad was also one of the links in the chain; he established Circles of Durūs-e- Qur’ān not only in Lāhore but in the entire country and invested all his potential to make the message of the Qur’ān so public. This book highlights his services and thoughts. There are five chapters in the book. The first chapter is entitled “Dr. Isrār...
Psychological morbidity is emerging as animportant issue for medical students after entering clinical training due to extensiveworking hours. Students find themselves unable to balance competing demands on their time and cannot allocate appropriate time to family, spouses and even to themselves; this leads to complaints about exhaustion and lack of efficiency in their profession. Objective: To assess Psychological morbidity in interns, medical officers and residents Methods: a cross sectional study was conducted. A google form was designed with questions adopting from the three scales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Question from all three categories of MBI-GS such as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment were considered. The form was distributed via email and Whatsapp to 87 house officers, medical officers and residents of six public healthcare facilities in Lahore. Responses were captured from 73 participants who completed the General Health questionnaire. Seven of these forms were filled by nurses, so in the present study only the response ofthose 66 participants who conformed to the study cross-section were considered. The results were analyzedusing SPSS version 22 for descriptive statistics and chi-square association. Results: A significant association was found between long working hours and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment questions in particular. The findings suggests long working hours ruin the mental health of medical professionals, which ultimately produce psychological health impacts. Conclusions: It was concluded that these factors should be considered to reduce psychological morbidity in health professionals.
The main objectives of this Ph.D. research work are the development of enhanced metal matrix nanocomposite coatings by employing a new technique through gas carburizing of electrodeposited nanocrystalline and amorphous alloy precursors. The carburizing environment was created by introducing a flowing mixture of vaporized 95.5% alcohol (0.25 ml/min, liquid) and argon (0.5 L/min, gas) into the carburizing furnace. Six different alloy coatings namely Ni-W, Co-W, Co-Ni-W, Fe-W and Fe-Ni-W with tailored microstructure obtained by controlling the process parameters like current density, pH and temperature were synthesized. The in-situ carbide formation of binary and/or ternary carbides has been obtained in the bcc/fcc matrices. In Ni-WC composite coatings, WC is formed in the FCC Ni matrix. The size of the carbide particles ranges between 100 and 500 nm. TEM study has revealed the presence of carbide phase in the form of very small precipitates inside the Ni grains, the size of such precipitates is between 10 and 40 nm. The Co-W and Fe-W electrodeposited alloy coatings are not much compact at high deposition current densities, incorporation of Ni increased the adhesion and compactness of the coatings. The carbides of Co-Ni-W composite were needle like that at less carburizing time were at the top surface , while these were present at the depth also with increase in carburizing time as revealed by the section SEM images. Dendritic structure of carbides of Fe3W3C and WC were observed in Fe-W-C carbide composite coatings with the through thickness carbide formation. The hardness of the composite coatings was found to increase with the tungsten content and the carburizing temperature. The maximum hardness of about 1200 KHN is achieved for Fe-Ni-W composite coatings. Supersaturated nature of electrodeposited amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys, in addition to high diffusivity, have been attributed for the formation of carbide phases uniformly distributed in the matrix at a temperature range of 700–850°C. The new technique adopted for the fabrication of metal-matrix composite coatings is based on the idea of being cost effective and the attainment of finer microstructure of the alloy coatings and carbides through electrodeposition and low temperature gas carburizing processes.