Economic Policies of Pakistan During Military Rules an Analytical Study in Islamic Perspective

In the history of Pakistan, three military governments ruled for a quite long period. Nonetheless, they made no stable policies for the economic development of Pakistan. As a result, Pakistan could not make progress on strong foundation. Economic policies were meant for a shorter interval. Therefore, they only resulted in cosmetic change in the economy. The results of these policies were restricted to a certain class and the public suffered from the negative impact of these policies. Public welfare got secondary importance which resulted in economic inequality. Wealth circulated within a few families. In all the three reigns, no strategy was formed for the paying of external debt. On the one hand, the salvation of Pakistan was put at stake by increasing external debt and aid while on other hand, masses suffered added direct and indirect taxes. In these conditions, common man could not fulfill his basic necessities of life. Pakistan could make considerable progress, if any of the governments might have considered Islamic principles of Islam.

Quality Management and the Mediating Role of Organizational Culture to Enhance Firm Performance: A Study of Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan

This research explores the phenomenon of organizational culture and its impact on Quality Management (QM) implementation assumed to enhance the firms’ performance in manufacturing sector of Pakistan. The study revolves around the QM philosophy impacting firms’ performance in the context of Pakistani manufacturing sector. Quantitative methodology has been used for seeking the answers to research questions. A structured questionnaire adapted from various landmark studies has been used for data collection in Pakistani textile industry through convenience sampling technique. Through the application of structural equation modelling on findings from surveys of 245 textile employees, organizational culture is found to have a mediating role in the relationship of quality management and organizational performance. The study contributes towards organizational theory through emphasizing the role of organizational culture in successful implementation of quality management programs. The research is useful in developing a tool for assessing the significance of organizational culture in successful QM implementation in manufacturing sector. Further research may be done to hypothesize the relationships of other mediating variables on successful QM implementation for higher performance. Moreover, other industries of manufacturing sector may be included in the sample to generate comparative studies.