حزیں حرف گر
جہاں گر!
فقط ایک تمنا مجھے بے قرار رکھتی ہے
میں تم سے ہم کلا م ہو جائوں
میرے کم مایہ الفاظ تیری سماعت کے منتظر ہیں
مجھے لگتا ہے ،میں تیرا حصہ ہوں
تجھ سے جدا ہوا ہوں
کسی دن پھر آ ملوں گا
تو کتنا بے نیاز ہے
رات تیرے ایک اشارے پر دن کواپنے بطن سے جنم دیتی ہے
موسم اپنی کوکھ...
The most beautiful pictures in coordination of Chapters in the Holy Qur’ān. In this research I talk about the coordination in Holy Qur’ān Chapters, so as to each Chapters contains a specific purpose that its Qur’ān ic verses want to achieve it, and we don’t see any difference or inconsistency. In order to achieve this purpose. I make an analytic study for one chapter in holy Qur’ān.I gathered the declarations of the explainers of, after that I give all my effort to show the coordination between them.
Wheat genetic improvement for various economic traits is always a challenging objective for the breeders. It is very crucial to meet the wheat quality and quantity demands considering the continuously increase of population, constrains of land, water and global environmental change. Especially, in the most fastrising markets of China and South-Asia where improvement in kernel quality is becoming much more important than ever, mainly because of fast increase of income and food diversity. The conventional wheat quality traits also require to be evolved by the influx of new processing technologies with much more concern on health aspects. The incorporation of different disciplines like proteomics, functional genomics, genetic transformation, bioinformatics, breeding and utilization of novel genetic resources, is swiftly endorsing our understanding for biochemical and genetic basis of quality encoding wheat attributes. So present project was designed to investigate the existing gene pool in current cultivars of Pakistan and land races and also explore the genetic diversity in Ae. taushcii derived synthetics. The results of phenological characterization showed that land races and synthetics had great potential for yield components as compared to Pak cultivars. In case of land races, LLR-29 and LLR-30 were good candidate genotypes for yield improvement while regarding synthetics SH-1002, SH-23, SH-378, SH-12, SH-829 and SH-905 showed good results for yield characters. For the quality parameters LLR-29, LLR-32, SH-23, SH-423, SH-1002, SH-378, SH-400 and SH-956 performed good during the experiment as compared to existing cultivars of Pakistan. It was also observed that LLR-29, SH-1002, SH-378 and SH-23 had great potential for yield and quality improvements as these genotypes performed their best for both characters. HMW-GS composition and individual allele frequencies showed that in total, 15 x-type and 9 y-type subunits were observed, of which Glu-A1 had 3 x-type ,Glu-B1 had 6 x-type and 5-type subunits and Glu-D1 had 6x-type and 4 y-type subunits. The genetic variation assessed through Nei’s index was highest for Glu-Dt1 locus (0.83) followed by Glu-B1 (0.77) while lowest diversity was observed at Glu-A1 locus which was 0.64. Out of33 different combinations,highest combinations observed was null, 6+8, 2.1+10.5 followed by null, 6+8, 1.5+10 and2*, 6=8, 2+12 observed in6 (11.76 %), 5 (9.80 %) and 5 (9.80 %) in synthetic wheats. Maximum HMW-GS diversity was found in synthetic hexaploid wheats. For LMW-GS, six alleles were found at Glu-A3 locus and nine alleles were found at Glu-B3 locus. Frequently observed allele was Glu-A3c found in 41 (50.61 %) genotypes followed by Glu-A3d and Glu-A3b found in 19 (23.45 %) and 12 (14.81 %) genotypes, respectively while Glu-A3e was only found in 2 (2.46 %) genotypes and was least frequent. At Glu-B3 locus, maximum frequency was observed at Glu-B3h locus that was in 15 (18.51 %) genotypes which was followed by Glu-B3i found in 14 (17.28 %) accessions. While, minimum frequent allele was Glu-B3d, that was observed in only three genotypes (3.70 %). In genetic diversity study by SNPs genotyping, the 90 K SNPs chip had given 35,906 biallelic SNPs, out of which 26,905 SNPs were polymorphic. An average call rate of 97 percent was obtained across all SNPs. Two genotypes SH-551 and SH-843 showed maximum heterozygosity for AB alleles with the percentage of 21 percent and 18 percent, respectively, while their call rate was 91 percent and 95 percent, respectively. A call rate of 98-100 percent with 2-0 percent heterozygosity was observed in the rest of genotypes.