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Matched Asymptotic Method in Convective Boundary Layer Flow

Thesis Info

Author

Adeel Ahmed

Supervisor

Muhammad Anwar Hossain

Department

Department of Mathematics

Program

BS

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2006

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Mathematics

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676720709604

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دنیا دی حقیقت

دنیا دی حقیقت
حسن جوانی دا اے روپ نہیوں رہنا
ہک دن آسی، توں ہے دکھاں وچ پینا

کرسی وفا تیرے نال نہ جوانی
ٹر جاوے ہک واری پھر ناں ایہہ آنی
ایہہ تیری مغروری ساری ٹٹ جانی
پانی والی لہر وانگوں زندگی نے وہنا
حسن جوانی دا اے روپ نہیوں رہنا

ماں تیری ہر گل کردی ہے پوری
ہتھاں نال ٹورے تینوں اوہدی مجبوری
ہک دن چھڈنا جہان اے ضروری
نیکیاں دا پا لَے توں گل وچ گہنا
حسن جوانی دا اے روپ نہیوں رہنا

نخرے نیں چار دن فیر پچھتانا
حسن گیا تے گیا سب یارانا
عشق حقیقی نے ای ساتھ نبھانا
قادریؔ سائیں دا توں من لَے کہنا
حسن جوانی دا اے روپ نہیوں رہنا

چڑھدی جوانی بڑا شور ہے مچایا
چوڑیاں تے جھانجھراں نے دل بہلایا
حسن دے پچاریاں نوں بڑا توں ستایا
روپ والے بت تیرے ہک دن ڈھہنا
حسن جوانی دا اے روپ نہیوں رہنا

قادریؔ ایہہ محفلاں نہ ایہہ ویلے آنے
نویں ایتھے آ گئے ، پرانے ٹر جانے
اگے والی سوچ، گل کہندے نیں سیانے
سدا نہیوں جوبنے تے ایہہ رنگ رہنا
حسن جوانی دا اے روپ نہیوں رہنا

Analysis of Factors Affecting Gillnet Fisherman Income 10 GT at Fish Auction Place, Indramayu Regency

The purpose of this study is to analyze the income level of gillnet fishermen <10 GT, to analyze the factors that affect the level of income, and to formulate strategies and solutions to increase income. This research was conducted at the Fish Auction Place (TPI) Pabean Udik, Pabean Udik Village, Indramayu Regency. This location was chosen because the Udik Customs Fish Auction Place (TPI) is dominated by fishermen using gillnet fishing gear who have vessels <10 GT. The method used is the census method with samples taken as a whole. The analysis used in this research is the Logistic Regression Analysis and the SWOT Analysis. Research results obtained by using IBM SPSS, namely for the Sig Value Variable in the Equation is 100%, this value is interpreted by 8 (factors) Independent variables can affect income only educational factors that do not affect income and for the results obtained from SWOT analysis namely to increase the income of gillnet fishermen <10 GT at TPI Pabean Udik, namely the development of technology and fisheries business scale, development of access to capital for fishermen, development of marketing access, development of facilities and infrastructure at TPI Pabean Udik, Development of diversification of fish management and environmentally friendly fisheries management.

Geographic Variation of Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Susceptibility to Cry Toxins in Bt Cotton, in Punjab Pakistan

Bt transgenic cotton, being a vital part of pest management effectively controls the target pest, Helicoverpa armigera. However, the success of Bt technology depends on the persistent vulnerability of target pests to Bt insecticidal protein The results of field studies exhibited a parallel trend of H. armigera egg laying in all six cultivars whereas larval incidence found minimum in dual toxin genotype followed by single Bt genotypes (FH-118 followed by FH-Lalazar, MNH-886 and FH-142, respectively) and maximum on non-Bt (FH-942) at Faisalabad, Multan and Bahawalpur during both study years. The baseline susceptibility of H. armigera larvae conducted in 2013, showed LC50 ranging from 0.123 to 1.026 µg ml-1, 0.148 to 1.675 µg ml-1 and 0.210 to 2.761 µg ml-1, against 1st, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae respectively to susceptible and field collected populations (Faisalabad, Multan and Bahawalpur). These results gave an indication that Bahawalpur population was found 8.34, 11.32 and 14.71-fold resistant, followed by Multan (5.54, 7.44 and 8.99 fold) and Faisalabad population (4.08, 4.88 and 5.23 fold), for 1st, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae respectively in comparison with susceptible population. The MIC50 was 0.003 to 0.006 µg ml-1, 0.009 to 0.088 µg ml-1 and 0.014 to 0.206 µg ml-1 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae respectively. whereas highest number of BWP population survived and showed resistance (23.33, 9.77 and 14.71-fold), MLT (10.67, 5.88 and 6.21) and FSD (6.67, 2.44 and 2.71 fold). This lethal concentration increased gradually and similar trend were found during 2014. In case of detached plant bioassay, 1st and 2nd instar larvae were found to be more susceptible and highest mortality was recorded on different plants parts of CEMB33 (leaves > square > flower > bolls), compared with single Bt cotton genotypes (FH-118 > FH-Lalazar > MNH-886 > FH-142, respectively). All 1st and 2nd instar larvae were unable to pupate. The order of mortality was: susceptible > Faisalabad > Multan > Bahawalpur. In case of bioassay on 3rd, 4th and 5th instar, the percent mortality and female longevity was consistently decreased whereas the pupation, adult emergence, fecundity and male longevity was consistently increased. The data also indicated that 1st instar neonate died (i.e. 100% cumulative mortality) after one day, three days and six days when assayed by 4, 1 and 0.25 µg ml-1 toxin respectively. However, maximum survival was recorded when neonate assayed at 25ᴼC followed by 45, 30, 35 and 40ᴼC, in case of all preceding concentrations (0.063, 0.016 and 0.004). The pupation (%), adult emergence (%), pupal weight (mg), larval and pupal duration (days) was recorded maximum at 25ᴼC followed by 45, 30, 35 and 40ᴼC. The Relative Enhanced Toxicity Factor was increased gradually and consistently up to 40ᴼC but decreased suddenly when assayed at 45ᴼC, in case of LC50 and LC90 estimation.The results of asymmetric fluctuation indicated that right side of tibia, fore wing and hind wing length was larger than the left side. However, the susceptible population possess minimum length of tibia, fore wing and hind wing than population of Faisalabad, Multan and Bahawalpur. The data showed that all the morphological traits including FMR ratio was found maximum from Bahawalpur population followed by Multan, Faisalabad and susceptible population.