الرواية التاريخية عند الدكتور نجيب الكيلاني

Dr. Najeeb Al-Kailani is considered one of the most famous writers who enrithed the library of Islamic Literature. He has written around forty novels, seven collections of short stories, three dramas, and fives Diwans, apart from the many critical studies in the field of Islamic Literature. It is not possible to ignore the status of AI-Kailani and his eminence in the field which he has tackled. The novels which he has produced revolve round several points: >_ In his early novels he presented different aspects of the real life in Egypt. His work also include the novels which picturize the problems of the Muslims outside the Arab World, like Central Asian States, China, Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Nigeria. They also deal with the contemporary issues related to Muslims like the reformation of the society, bringing out the disturbances with all its shapes and its remedy by inviting the people with good means and Islamic values. X. r. i. They deal with Islamic History and Seerah of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his guided Caliphs

Exploring the Impact of In-Service Training on Elementary Science Teachers’ Professional Competence

Public school teachers in Pakistan often undergo in-service trainings that are usually managed by foreign donor-funded agencies. Because of the poor performance of primary schools, the training projects usually focus on professional development of primary and elementary teachers. It is important to know how much the programmes are beneficial for building teachers’ professional knowledge basis by enhancing their teaching skills. To improve schools and enhance professional competence of elementary teachers, the Aga Khan University-Institute for Educational development launched a project known as Strengthening Teacher Education in Pakistan (STEP) through funding of Foreign Affairs and Trade Developments of Canada and the Aga Khan foundation (AKF-C) Canada. Among a variety of programmatic activities, Whole School Improvement (WSIP) is one of the key programmes of STEP project implemented in multifaceted interventions in three separate districts of Balochistan. Teachers continued professional development through in-house workshops and follow up support has been one of the key factors of WSIP. This study explored the impact of training programme conducted under Whole School Improvement Programme (WSIP) on primary teachers’ competence in the context of Balochistan. A qualitative case study methodology was adopted to conduct the study. The participants comprised four primary teachers and a Lead Teacher who was the master trainer. The data was collected through multiple sources: semi-structured interviews, classroom observation, field notes and document analysis. The main findings of the study suggested that the teachers built a collaborative learning environment in the schools. Their interactions and discussions enhanced their professional knowledge and skills. The teachers also developed friendly attitude with students. Furthermore, the teachers believed that on the one hand, the new learnt pedagogies help them involve students in interactive learning and on the other hand, they perceived that the pedagogical skills were helpful to enhance students’ conceptual understanding of science topics. However, the teachers faced challenges like, shortage of necessary teaching materials, lack of parental involvement, pressure of syllabus completion and lack of follow up support. These challenges impede the process of effective classroom teaching and learning. The study recommends further support in terms of resources and professional development for teachers.