تلوک چند محرومؔ
مشہور استاد سخن تلوک چند مرحوم کی وفات ادبی دنیا کا افسوس ناک سانحہ ہے، وہ ہماری پرانی بزم ادب کی یادگار تھے، اردو شاعری کے اساتذہ میں ان کا نہایت ممتاز مقام تھا، فن شاعری پر ان کی نظر بڑی گہری اور وسیع تھی، اور ان کا کلام جدت و قدامت کے صالح عناصر کا سنگم تھا، ان کو ہر صنف شاعری پر یکساں قدرت حاصل تھی، ان میں پرانی تہذیب کی بہت سی خوبیاں اور وضع داریاں جمع تھیں، ان کا دل دوسرے مذاہب اور اس کے بزرگوں کے لئے بھی وسیع تھا، بارگاہ نبویؐ میں بھی ہدیۂ عقیدت پیش کرتے تھے، قوم و ملک نے بھی ان کے کمالات کی پوری قدر دانی کی اور ان کو ہر طرح کے اعزاز و اکرام سے نوازا، ان کی پوری زندگی علم و ادب کی خدمت میں گزری، اپنے بعد متعدد ادبی یادگاریں چھوڑ گئے، ان کی مادی یادگار مشہور شاعر جگن ناتھ آزاد ہیں، جنھوں نے اپنے محترم والد کی بہت سی خوبیاں حصہ میں پائی ہیں۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، فروری ۱۹۶۶ء)
Herbal medicines, complementary or alternative medicines is a wide term for the therapies that are not part of standard care but it has many theories regarding efficacy based on personal experiences, history and common knowledge. It has long been used since ancient times since the beginning of human civilization. Its use had caught much attention in the early 1800s, with the development in the science of chemistry, a new era in pharmacotherapeutics and the use of active chemical ingredients in plants which were known to produce favorable therapeutic effects, were explored, active compounds were extracted, purified and their structure was revealed. This advancement paved the way towards modern pharmaceutical therapy. The modern drugs are based on these herbal medicines, after extracting the active and pure chemical compounds. Pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties of the active ingredients was explored. It lead to the better understanding of efficacy and safety profile of these drugs and first choice for treatment of various diseases. At the same time, the herbal medicines were considered as secondarily important. After approximately two centuries, the use of herbal medicines have seen a revival globally both in developing as well as developed countries. In the past few years, the practice of using herbal medicines as an alternative and complementary health medicine has gained more importance. Herbal medicines are common for treatment of various ailments including cancer, digestive disorders, pain related disorders, neuropathic ailments and cardiac arrhythmias etc. Even it has been used by pregnant females and mostly perceived as safe. Its use has gained more attraction due to its ‘natural’ approach and lesser side effects. Their use if often overlooked but physicians should pay attention to these medicines. There is lack of familiarity, standardization of the drug components, unproven therapeutic effects in various diseases, unexplored toxicology, pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions, and compatibility in patients with varying medical, genetic and demographic history. There are serious concerns regarding the safety, efficacy and quality of herbal products and nutraceuticals. Accidental contamination and deliberate adulteration are assumed to be the main cause of the side effects. Much of the herbal medical knowledge is scattered in different regions of the world and mostly available at family, community and local level and mostly in any native languages. There is need of coherent sources, knowledge, and exploration of these medicines across the world. The herbal medicine has varying diversity in different geological regions and they should be investigated. There should be a regional or national body to control and approve the herbal medicines. Proper documentations on these medicines and food supplements should also be done.
Sixty maize accessions were evaluated under normal and drought stress treatments. Selected tolerant and sensitive accessions were crossed in Line ´ Tester fashion and resultant F1 along with their parents were evaluated for drought tolerance in green house and field conditions. Data were recorded on morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters to estimate genetic variability, general and specific combining ability effects, heterosis manifestation, gene action, correlation and path analyses.Genetic variation among the entries under normal and drought stress treatments, indicated that this breeding material may be used for the development of drought tolerant types. Combining ability analysis exhibited variable direction and magnitude of general combining ability (GCA) effects among lines and testers and specific combining ability effects (SCA) among crosses. Lines 19191, 15139 and 15280 and testers 15104, 15064 and 15268 were best general combiners under normal and drought stress treatments. Results of SCA indicated that crosses 15139 × 15066, 15188 × 15091, 19179 × 15104, 19203 × 24669, 15280 × 15064 and 15158 ×15064 were best specific combiners. Crosses 15139 × 15104, 15139 × 15066, 15188 × 15091, 19179 × 15268 and 19179 × 15104 had also mid parent and better parent heterosis for various traits under all the treatments. Non-additive type of gene action was observed for all the traits. Association of traits based on correlation analysis showed that plant height, cobs per plant, kernels per row and kernels per cob had significant and positive correlation with grain yield per plant under normal and water deficit conditions. Path analysis revealed that days to 50% tasseling had highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant under normal and chlorophyll b contents under stress field condition.