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Giant Stars

Thesis Info

Author

Anila Karim

Supervisor

Mahnaz Qader Haseeb

Department

Department of Physics

Program

BPH

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Physics

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-08 06:57:33

ARI ID

1676720852031

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۴۔ زہر رگوں میں اتارنا پڑتا ہے

زہر رگوں میںاتارنا پڑتا ہے

تپتے سورج کی کرنوں کے نوکیلے پتھر

فگار دن کے برہنہ سر پر برس رہے تھے

ریل کی پٹری کو کاٹتی ہوئی کہنہ سڑک پر

انبوہِ آدم رواں دواں

قریب ہی پُل کے نیچے بیٹھے دھوئیں میں پریشاں حال

اپنے وجود کو تلاشتے چند انسان

موت کی آغوش میں پلتے ہوئے

دشت نما چہروں پر بے خوابی کی جھریاں

بد قسمتی کی دھول میں اٹے ہوئے بال

بوسیدہ پیراہن سے جھانکتا استخواں

آنکھوں میں خمارِ آشفتگی

جس میں ٹھکرائے جانے کا غمِ جاوداں پنہاں

 اس ہجومِ آشفتگاں سے ایک ژولیدہ مو

اپنی رگوں میں زہر اتارنے لگتا ہے

 زندگی بے اختیار چیخنے لگتی ہے

اے دشمنِ جاں یہ کیا۔۔۔؟

آشفتہ نوا گویا ہوا

سن اے زندگی!

’’خدا نے فقط تجھے عطا کر کے

بدلے میں مجھ سے کیا کچھ نہیں چھینا

اُس کے بے اماں جہان میں

رشتے بکتے ہیں

جذبات کا بیوپار ہوتا ہے

محبت بھیک مانگتی، تلوے چاٹتی ہے

جھوٹ مسکراتا ہے

سچ دریوزہ گر ہے

ہر کوئی نفرت کا خریدار ہے

اپنے بیگانے ہیں

یہ سب دیکھنے اور سہنے کے لیے

زہر رگوں میں اتارنا پڑتا ہے‘‘

ذخیرہ اندوزی سے متعلق ہندومت، یہودیت اور اسلام کے احکام کا جائزہ

Hoarding is considered (Ihtikar) very abhorring and objectionable. It is the practice of keeping something in store and not bringing the same to the market so that prices may rise owing to this artificial dearth of supply in the market. Each religion of the world has agriculture rules. In these, rules about Hoarding play an important role. In non Semitic religions Hinduism is the largest religion of the world. Similarly in Semitic religions Islam is the second and Judaism is considered in third stage. All these three religions and there followers have good relation with agriculture. But among this, Islamic rules considers one of the best rules in the world. Because Hinduism agriculture rules affected by cast system and the other side Judaism rules is affected by customs and traditions. But still there are some points on which Hinduism, Judaism and Islam are completely supporting each others. Hoarding rules is one of them. This paper is consisting on hoarding rules in Hinduism, Judaism and Islam.

Hadamard-Type Inequalities With Applications

The vii study presents some of the fundamental results annexed to the Hermite Hadamard inequality. It aims at improving the role of distinct classes of convexity in the theory of Inequalities. This dissertation is devoted to sift out several refinements, generalizations, improvements and extensions of the Hermite Hadamard type inequalities for functions whose absolute values of first and second derivatives belong to class of convex functions. Eventually, as applications, the obtained results are employed for special means of real numbers. Explicit bounds are also being derived to versatile composite quadrature rules in terms of variety of functions belonging to different classes of convex functions. The analysis sets aside the determination of the partition required that would ensure that the accuracy of the result would be within a prescribed error tolerance. This way, this thesis caters a study of some inequalities analogous to the most acclaimed and basic Hadamard inequality. The study piles up interesting developments in this research field under a unified framework. This work will be of keenness to mathematical analysts, pure and applied mathematicians, physicists, engineers, computer scientists and other areas of science.