لأزمة الأخلاقية في المجتمع الباكستاني المظاهر- العوامل- المعالجة

Moral values are seen as the basis of human civilization. Absence of moral values and responsibilities results in the justification of every evil in the society, as it is the case being observed in the present-day societies in many parts of the world. A nation, whose collective morals are high, is capable to lead other nations, irrespective of caste, creed and religious affiliations. If a nation, Muslim or non-Muslim, ignores the high moral values, it cannot avoid its decadence and destruction. Due to this utmost importance of morality for humanity, Islām regards morality as one of the integral parts of the Divine Revelation. Islām aims to create a sense of moral responsibility in its adherents, so that, they may show a complete picture of an ideal society, and enjoy their freedom to carry out the best possible moral deeds. The author of this paper, chose to study the present moral crisis in the Pakistani society and tried to determine the causes, which has brought about this moral crisis and also presents its cure in the light of the Qur’ān and Sunnah. The study focuses on the following aspects: Definitions of moral values & society, Prevalent social evils in our society, Causes of crimes and social evils, Remedies to root out unethical practices and evils from the society, Conclusion and recommendations.

اردو ادب میں معاصرانہ چشمک

The first movement of Urdu Literature raised its voice in Fort william college which bases remained beyond theoritical reference Sir syed''s revolutionary objectivity was upheld opponent hand of many writers claimed their supremecy against him and contemporary animosity paved its avenues among these movements Whenever the Literature griped by individuality substanardisation shaked its foundation The first chapter of the thesis is''''The biginning of Urdu Language and Literature'''' which showed urdu language with its background. Initial phases and reasons of growth of language are described.All combats and adventures in the name of provinces in Indo-Pak continent are emphasized. This chapter also deals with the writer''s idealogies to comments the connections between Punjab,Sindh,Dakkan,Delhi,Bangal,Mysur, Behar,Gujrat,Potohar,Madras and other regions controversial idealogies in the beginning of language is discussed here.During British rule in Hindustan,Orientalist initiated conflicts between Hindus and Muslims on the bases of Hindi,Urdu and Hindustani which was strenthened by prejudice Hindus that germinated on endless controversy.This chapter describe the whole penorama and also elaborates the conflict revolving around the style of expression. The second chapter is titles as ''''Contemporary animosity in poetry and Literature''''that reflect the colours of urdu poets and written controversal discussions with each other on the ground of language ,words and style.The disciplin of poetry,art of language and the excellence of expression are the subject of this chapter. The third chapter deals with literary movements with their literary and historical back ground .The movement like the earliest urdu poetry,ambegous movement,Fort william college,Ali garh movement,Romantic movement,Progressive movement,Islamic movement,Pakistani literatur and some other movement are discuss in this chapter The fourth chapter represent the contemporary animosity of Journals and the editors of Journals,that develops from Tehzeeb ul akhlaq and leads towards 21st century when written controversal discussions were published in different magazines The fifth chapter name as ''''personaly and individualy animosity'''' the richest chapter of the thesis.Famous literary adventures are its soul the competition between poetry and prose as one to one are not negated.Literary achievements of meer and Sauda,Insha snd Mushafi,Nasikh and Aatish, Anees and Dabeer, Ghalib and Zauq,Abdul majid and Aazad, Qasmi and Wazir aagha,Narang and Farooqi,Salim akhtar and Anwar sadid, Himaet ali shaer and Mohsin bhopali,Allama Iqbal,Fraz and Iftikhar arif and others can never be neglected besides this the unique competition between old and new contrmper poets and writers are vitally added to the chapter.As one couplet of ghazal to be the cru this chapter is the soul of this thesis. The last chapter of the thesis is ''''The complete analysis of contemporary animosity in urdu literature'''' which manifests observations and significances of the little and the work undone are also dealts without selecting options the splended vastness and the side effects of the merit relevent are precisely discuss.