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Performance Analysis of Spectrum Sensing Methodologies for Cognitive Radios

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Ayesha Saadia

Institute

Virtual University of Pakistan

Institute Type

Public

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2012

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Software Engineering

Language

English

Link

http://vspace.vu.edu.pk/detail.aspx?id=41

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676720951065

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The Radio Spectrum is used to transmit electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. With the passage of time people are getting aware of new technologies and as a result demand for different services has been increased. This results in the shortage of available spectrum. Spectrum utilization has now become a challenging task due to increase in wireless communications. Major licensed bands, such as those allocated for television broadcasting is not been fully utilized which results in spectrum wastage. This led to the idea of cognitive radio, first presented officially by Mitola and Maguire in 1999. Cognitive radio is a software-defined radio system, or SDR, a radio whose functionality is completely defined in software. Changes in SDR can be made by just changing the software. Mitola and Maguire proposed that the unused spectrum can be utilized by Secondary users (Unlicensed users) without creating harmful interference to Primary users (Licensed users). Secondary user can use the spectrum when primary user is inactive and should vacate the channel as soon as the primary user becomes active. An Efficient Signal Detection algorithm can perform this task. Detection of primary user signal is an elementary problem in cognitive radio. Energy detection, Match-filtering and Cyclostationary methods are widely used for spectrum sensing. This thesis will explore spectrum sensing methods and will analyze the performance of different techniques including methods based on the eigenvalue of the covariance matrix of received signals used as the test statistic. Different methods working with and without noise power will be simulated to demonstrate the performance of spectrum sensing techniques.
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شاہدہ جبین

شاہدہ جبین

کامریڈ شاہدہ جبین پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کی پہچان ایک تصویر 1985ء اور دوسری 2018ء کی ہے ۔جنرل ضیاء الحق کے مارشل لاء سے لے کر اب تلک 40سالہ طویل جد وجہد کا سفر شاہی قلعہ لاہور سے لے کر پنجاب کی جیلوں میں قید و بند صعوبتیں ہی نہیںبرداشت کیں اپنی سات بہنوں کے بعد پیدا ہو نے والے 20سالہ نوجوان بھائی عثمان غنی شہید کی لاش کوٹ لکھپت جیل کے پھانسی گھاٹ سے اپنے کندھے پر اٹھا کر گھر لے کر آئیں جو جیوے جیوے بھٹو جیوے کے نعرے لگاتا تختہ دار پر گیا ۔آج جب پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کی طرف سے سینٹ کی ٹکٹوں کے خواتین کے نام پڑھ رہا تھا تو سوچا کہ سینٹ کی ٹکٹ ہو یا قومی اسمبلی میں خواتین نشستوں پر نامزدگی کی صرف امراء اور جا گیرداروں بڑے سیاسی خاندانوں کی بیگمات ہی اس کی اہل ہوتی ہیں جن کا کام بن ٹھن کر منہ بند کر کے صرف نشستوں پر بیٹھنا ہو تا ہے ۔پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی یہ تو بڑے فخر سے کہتی ہے کہ آج جو جمہوریت ہے وہ شاہدہ جبین جیسے کارکنوںکی بدولت ہے مگر کس کے لیے اور کب تک ۔ پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے کارکنوں کو چاہیے کہ وہ اپنے حق اور شاہدہ جبین کے حق کے لیے آواز بلند کریں ۔

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STUDENT'S READINESS TO CARRY OUT FACE-TO-FACE LEARNING AT KENDARI VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

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