The DDoS attacks are the most common attacks of the network and the mechanism and nature of
these attacks change day by day. DDoS attacks can simply exhaust the network communication
resources, it cause the failure of the network within a less time. The fundamental technologies
and network protocols have flaws and vulnerabilities that can open doors for attackers to attack
the network. This problem is a hurdle for secure and reliable communication with in network. To
overcome this issue, there is a need to create a more effective and accurate attack detection
algorithm specifically for DDoS attack. Numerous attack detection mechanisms already
developed to detect a DDoS attack in network. An effective attack detection mechanism that can
provide the entire attack details is therefore required to overcome the problem. Additionally,
need to develop such a diverse system to address not only DDoS attack details and also provide
proactive measures to avoid the same kind of attacks in future by designing intelligent system.
Therefore, in this thesis, we propose SRDD, a smart routing based DDoS detection system for
entire network. In SRDD, the DDoS attacks can be detected at the initial phase. In this research,
we have been developed a DDoS detection system which is based on decision tree algorithm to
prevent the DDoS attack. The decision tree algorithm, include with signature based detection
methodologies, perform automatic prediction, and provide effective detection of malicious
traffic. The decision tree algorithm classifying the received packets and making a decision based
on the classification of results. For validation of proposed system, selected some of other
machine learning techniques and provide comparison with our proposed system. This proposed
SRDD system evaluates the network resources and the traffic dataset in order to train the centric
agent for detection system to detect legitimate and malicious traf?c. The proposed SRDD system
allowed legitimate traffic to pass through network and malicious traf?c is ?agged malicious to go
through detection system. Finally, the results are discussed in terms of accuracy, exposure and
specificity. The system not only can identify the attacks, but also detect the attacker IPs and start
a process of mitigation to provide very well protection of the network system at initial stage of
an attack is identified. The proposed research focused on the security aspect of legacy protocols as the baseline for mapping our desired research objectives to align with intelligent survivable
centric network agent.
تعرفنا علی ملکۃ من ملکات الشعر الغزلي وھي بروین شاکر، منذ ولادتھا إلی وفاتھا وأھم أعمالھا العلمیۃ والأدبیۃ فهي شاعرة باكستانية معروفة جداً .
ثانياً:
السبب الرئیسي في أحزانھا عشقھا غیر الناجح وزواجھا من شخص علی رضاء الوالدین ثم طلاقھا وسعادتھا الناقصۃ۔
ثالثاً:
أعطت بروین شاکر صورۃ واضحۃ لمشاعر وأحاسیس المرأۃ وأنھا لیست لعبۃ في عالم الرجال بل أن لھا مکانتھا العالیۃ ومنزلتھا اللائقہ بھا ودافعت کثیراً عن حقوق المرأۃ، ولها مجموعات شعرية رائعة وأكثر أشعارها عن الحب والعاطفة والوحدة والفراق والإشتياق إلى الحبيب.
Najeeb Al-Kailani is a famous Egyptian Islamic writer. He was immensely impressed by Iqbal’s philosophy. He was absorbed in the study of Islamic literature in the early days of his life and dared to write many articles in various magazines, touching various aspects of Iqbal’s poetry. Al-Kailani then by maintaining his interest in Iqbal’s poetry, was compelled to write the book entitled إقبال الشاعر الثائر"”, (Iqbal, the Revolutionary poet). He was awarded with prize by ministry of education and training, and in 1977 President of Pakistan General Muhammad Ziaul haq awarded him gold medal. This article highlighted the impact of Allama Muhammad Iqbal in al-Kailani’ book and analyzed its text by refereeing it to the original poetry of Allama Muhammad Iqbal. This article concluded that Kailani’s book is finest and comprehensive book, which demonstrated the life and philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal.
Background: The medical treatment for chronic anal fissure is modeled to eliminate sphincter spasm and hypertonia so that blood flow to the anal sphincter improves and the fissure heals. Efficacious pharmacological therapy avoids complications related to surgical treatment including incontinence and the risks of surgery and anesthesia. Conservative treatment of chronic anal fissure has been reported with wide variation in the healing rates. However there are few reports of conservatively treated chronic anal fissures fromAfrica, with only one paper identified in this study. Furthermore, the influence of clinical characteristics of fissures on the healing rates and recurrences have not been widely reported.
Objective: To determine the healing rates of conservatively treated chronic anal fissure and to document the influence of fissure characteristics on healing and recurrence.
Setting: The Surgical Outpatient Clinic at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
Patients and methods:Fifty (50) consecutive patients satisfying the criteria for chronic anal fissure were treated with local application of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) paste twice a day for 8 weeks and followed up for six months. Features of chronicity were defined and each given a score of 1. Patients with a score of 2 or less were compared to those with a score of 3 and above in terms of healing and recurrence.
Results: Thirty nine patients of the 50 analyzed (78%) healed after the 8 weeks of treatment. At six months follow up 10 patients (26%) had relapsed. This translated to an overall success rate of 58%. Three factors significantly affected healing of a chronic anal fissure- presence of indurated fissure edges (p=0.001, OR 12.19, 95 % CI 2.57-57.94), presence of symptoms for more than three months (p=0.014, OR 8.03, 95 % CI 1.52-42.52) and a score of 3 and above (p=0.004, OR 11.45, 95 % CI 2.13-61.67). There was no feature of chronicity that predicted recurrence of chronic anal fissure after initial healing.
Conclusion: GTN paste led to healing in the majority of patients. Features of chronicity may be helpful in predicting response to treatment. In the present study patients with a chronicity score of 2 and below respond better than those with a score of 3 and above.