علامہ ابن جوزی کی تفسیر

This article describes the methodology and characteristics of Zad al-masir fi ‘ilm al-tafsir. This is one the finest work of Allama Ibn al-Jawzī, a 6th century prominent Interpreter. Several editions of this Tafsir have been published. However, the edition of dar al-kitab al-‘arbi, Beirut published in four volumes is selected for this study. This exegesis is based on conventional narrations, authentic quotations from the Islamic Scholars and lingual & grammatical discussions. As a witness, causes of verses (asbab al-Nuz┴l), Makki and Madani Surah’s (chapters), the abrogating and abrogated verses (al-nasikh wal-mans┴kh) and Islamic jurisprudence have been discussed in it where needed. The quality of this translation which is admirable is that mostly authentic Ahadith from original sources, and references to well known basic books in relevant discussions have been described.

Designing Bio-Intensive Integrated Pest Management Module for the Control of Cabbage Butterfly Pieris Brassicae L. Pieridae: Lepidoptera

During present study “bio-intensive integrated pest management module for the control of cabbage butterfly (Pieris brassica L.) under field conditions in Faisalabad ecological conditions” was designed. Eighteen genotypes of cauliflower viz. Candid Charm, Cash Mere, Cauliflower Desi, Cool Sun-70, Cool Sun-71, Early Kanwari, Shumaila F1 H, Pari, Pari F1 H, Snow Ball, Snow Crown, Snow Drift, Snow Grace, White Corona H, White Excel, White Island, White Magic H and White Shot H were sown during 2008 to screen the resistant, susceptible and intermediate genotypes based on population density of P. brassicae/ plant. From this trail, two genotypes viz. Cool Sun-70 and Cauliflower Desi, Cash Mere and White Island and Shumaila F1 H and Pari F1 H showing as susceptible, intermediate and resistant responses were selected for further studies. These genotypes were sown again under field conditions during 2009 to confirm the previous results. Role of weather factors were also determined in population fluctuation of the pest. The application of Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) @ 1482 g/ha, EN + release of Trichogrammachilonis cards (TC) for 8 times, EPN + spray of spinosad 240 SC @ 125 ml/ha and EPN + neem nut oil (NNO) 2.5 percent @ 6.17 lit/ha as module one (M1); release of TC card and Chrysoperlacarnea (CC), release of TC and spray of spinosad, release of TC and spray of NNO and release of TC and collection of eggs for 8 times as module (M2); spray of NNO, spray of NNO and spinosad, spray of NNO and collection of larvae and spray of NNO and collection of eggs as module (M3) and spray of spinosad alone and in combination with collection of eggs, collection of larvae and use of sticky rackets of yellow color as module (M4) were tested for bio- intensive management strategy to find out an effective, easy to apply and safe method of control for the recommendations to the farmers. It was recorded that the population of P. brassicae differed significantly among genotypes, dates of observations and in their interactions. The genotype cool son-70 was found as susceptible, pari F1 H appeared as resistant showing 30.02 and 3.44 sepecimen/plant of P. brassicae, respectively during 2008; high population was observed on 8 th October, 2008 and thereafter, decreasing trend was observed. The selected genotypes viz. Cool Sun-70, Cauliflower Desi, Cash Mere, White Island, Shumaila F1H and Pari F1 H differed significantly with each other regarding per plant population density of P. brassicae during 2009. The highest population was observed as 28.71/plant on Cool Sun-70, whereas minimum population was recorded as 15.45/plant on Pari F1 H and both these cultivars were proved as susceptible and resistant, respectively. The results pertaining to host plant susceptibility indices in various selected genotypes of cauliflower based on population density of P. brassicae/plant during 2008 and 2009 revealed that Cool Sun-70 was comparatively susceptible showing maximum HPSI i.e. 27%, whereas Pari F1 H was recorded as resistant with 09% HPSI. Temperature variations showed positive and significant correlation with the pest population during 2008, whereas relative humidity responded negative and significant correlation; and similar trend was recorded during 2009. Rainfall played non-significant role on pest fluctuation. However, maximum temperature was most effective for pest population (67.2, 77.2 and 68.3%) and significant difference were recorded among treatments and treatments in which applications of spinosad alone are in combinations with other control tactics resulted in utmost control of the pest both in resistant as well as susceptible genotypes. While, module (M4) comprised of sprays of (spinosad @ 125 ml/ha alone, and in combination with collection of eggs, collection of larvae and installation of sticky rackets of yellow color) proved as the best module; resulted in minimum pest population and maximum cost benefit ratio i.e. 41.53 and 38.76 for resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively.