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Improving Halley and Householder Methods Using Decomposition Techniques

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Saira Sultan

Institute

Virtual University of Pakistan

Institute Type

Public

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Software Engineering

Language

English

Link

http://vspace.vu.edu.pk/detail.aspx?id=355

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676721031835

Similar


In this thesis, two new methods for solution of nonlinear system of equations f(x) = 0 using two decomposition techniques are established, first is Adomian decomposition technique and second is Varsha decomposition technique. We expand f(x) to second order then apply both of these techniques one by one. The convergence order of both these algorithms is three and efficiency index is p 1/d =1.442. The main benefit of this scheme is that we get root of function even after one or two iterations, obviously has minimum computational complexity as compare to previous systems. Both methods almost give the same results and convergence orders. In practice, for large scale problems, many iterative methods can be derived by using two decomposition techniques with some modifications in Newton Raphson method. The order of convergence of new iteration formulas can be derived analytically and with the help of Maple. Some examples are given to illustrate the performance and precision of new algorithms. These algorithms can be assumed as generalization of old methods for solving nonlinear equations.
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غزل

چاند چہروں کے رنگ تھے پیلے
سورجی چہرے والے سینوں کے تار
کون تہذیب لے اڑی وہ شہر
دائمی قید کر کے کہنے لگا
شعر کیا ہیں نئے جوانوں کے

 

ہری پلکوں پہ آسماں نیلے
زرد پہروں میں ہونکتے ٹیلے
لوگ تھے سچے اور شرمیلے
دی ابد تک رہائی جا جی لے
بات بے ربط لہجے چونکیلے

علم الفواصل کی تاریخ، حکمت اور طرق معرفت کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Elm-ul-Fawasil (Intespace) is the knowledge of the leading verses of the Quran. To inquire the numer of verses, interspace is the main objective of this knowledge. We have so far considered the miraculous characteristics of the Quran from the scientific and historical points of view. In addition to this, the Quran aslo possesses an astounding, inimitable style from the literacy perspective. The words employed in the Quran are exceedingly special, both in terms of meaning and also of fluency and effect style. Quran is the ultimate miracle of God. The present Quran is in the some condition as it was revealed because almighty Allah has been taken the responsibility its protection. This paper present the definition of Elm-ul-Fawasil, Histoy, etymology, title, its types and the importance of this knowledge.

Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment of Development Projects in Punjab, Pakistan

Evaluating the effectiveness of public participation in terms of its influence on EIA related decisions has been increasingly suggested in the literature. In Pakistan, public is involved during EIA of projects likely to cause adverse environmental and socio- economic impacts. Empirical evidence to establish the extent to which it is achieving its objectives of making widely acceptable decisions and promoting sustainable development in the country is scant. This thesis evaluates the effectiveness of public participation in EIA in the Punjab province by adopting a pragmatic combination of qualitative and quantitative research strategy. The methodology involved reviewing the literature, developing an evaluation framework incorporating the country context, investigating four EIA cases of transport infrastructure and industrial development projects through content analysis of related documents, and in-depth interviews of the stakeholders. Several inadequacies and prospects are discovered. EIA and Public participation are not integrated into project planning cycle due to a legal lacuna of requiring EIA before start of construction rather than before procurement of site and detailed design. The case studies demonstrated a weak influence of public concerns on decisions, since consultations were held after taking irreversible decisions. Lack of information about participation opportunities, poor accessibility and quality of EIA reports, lack of communication and transparency in the decision making process were some of the other barriers, which also exist elsewhere even in well established EIA regimes. Provision of an egalitarian environment during public hearings, sufficient time for submitting concerns, and a high degree of willingness and availability of public to participate were some of the attributes in contrast with what the literature generally suggests. Furthermore, this study revealed that involving technical experts and NGOs can influence more positively on the public hearing outcome than the directly affected public. Thus, the theoretical connotations of public participation in EIA may not be generalized and there is a need to revisit the theory, particularly in the context of developing countries. Overall, it is concluded that despite certain impediments public participation in EIA is gradually gaining ground in Pakistan. Useful recommendations have been made to enhance the effectiveness of EIA. In particular, a new model for proactive but represented public participation has been suggested to take place before EIA and selection of site for a development project.