قواعد الترجيح المتعلقة بالنص القرآني: دراسة وصفية تطبيقية

After reading the whole books and find out the interpretation, there were various sayings, the meanings and interpretations of the verses of Quran. The reader does not have the capability to select correct and incorrect. He does not know what to do about the various interpretations. At first the people of Mecca knew the status of Revelation; they do not need to explain that revelation, because it was their native language while the Prophet (S.A.W) explains it in detail. After the earlier periods, it was necessary to adapt some rules to know the correct sayings, that rules were already include the Quran itself, in the Sunnah, in the Quranic Sciences, in the books of fundamentals of Jurisprudence, and in the books of Quranic  Sciences. Later on, however, wrote the books as contemporary independent science as such as book of Husain Al Ḥarbī  named (قواعد الترجيح عند المفسرين) and book written by Khalid Al Sabbath named (قواعد التفسير جمعاً ودراسةً). These rules of preference are most important as with the help of these rules, the books of interpretation can be clarified from incorrect sayings. These rules are various, including, related to Quranic text, Sunnah, the views of Companions, the evidence, or related to the linguistics of Arabs. The preference proves the strength of a saying or strengthens an aspect than others through rules of preference. One of the objectives of this research is that the rules of preference can distinguish between correct and incorrect interpretation. The researcher recommended attention to these rules of preference and to study it as a separate subject to get full benefit from the books of interpretation.

Evaluation of Conflict Management Skills: Developing a Model for Secondary School Principals

Conflict among staff is a natural phenomena or a part of daily school life. If these are not handled in a positive way, they can affect the staff interpersonal relations which will negatively affect the whole school climate. Different approaches have been in practice for handling conflicts in the schools, e.g. Mediation, Negotiation, Avoidance, Collaboration etc. Acquiring the basic working knowledge of these skills may provide the school teachers and principal with the necessary tools to solve their interpersonal problems/conflicts in a more responsible and productive way. The main focus of this study was to review the existence of conflicts in schools, its nature, types and different conflict resolution strategies which have been adopted by the schools’ principals. A descriptive research design was utilized for collection of data, population of the study consisted of 357 secondary schools of selected districts of KPK in which 250 schools’ teachers and principals were selected. For data analysis Kendall’s Tau B and Kendall’s Tau C were utilized in which teachers and principals’ responses were compared. Findings of the study show that conflicts exist in all the schools which testify the fact that adequate measures need to be taken for its management. Furthermore findings of the study reflect that compromising, collaboration and accommodation styles were preferred by most of the principals. Recommendations are made on the basis of research findings that educators and all the principals should be properly trained in conflict management strategies.