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Home > Chloroplast Genome Sequencing of Ajuga Bracteosa and its Phylogenetic Relationship in Familylamiaceae

Chloroplast Genome Sequencing of Ajuga Bracteosa and its Phylogenetic Relationship in Familylamiaceae

Thesis Info

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Author

Nosheela Riaz

Institute

Virtual University of Pakistan

Institute Type

Public

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Software Engineering

Language

English

Link

http://vspace.vu.edu.pk/detail.aspx?id=370

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676721036077

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Medicinal plants were playing an important role in our lives due to their remedial properties. Lifesaving medicines were produced by these plants. For their better use in food and medicines genomes sequencing of these medicinal plants was needed. Ajuga bracteosa is a medicinal plant in family Lamiaceae (mint family). It is a herbal plant and used in many medicines. In this research work chloroplast genome sequencing of Ajuga bracteosa was carried out by next generation sequencing technique. DNeasy plant DNA extraction kit was used for the extraction of DNA from fresh young leaves of Ajuga bracteosa. Quality and quantity of DNA was evaluated using agarose gel electrophoresis and uDrop plate of Multiskan GO spectrophotometer. DNA was lyophilized before shipment to Novagene, Hong Kong, a commercial NGS facility. Sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument, using PE150 run, and approx. 4Gb data was produced. Quality of short reads was checked using SolexaQA tool. Short reads were mapped back to Ajuga reptans chloroplast genome downloaded from NCBI. Mapping was visualized using Tablet tool, which attested to high coverage depth of chloroplast genome. The genome was de novo assembled using Velvet tool, and several velvet runs were performed by changing kmer values. Assembled contigs from these Velvet runs were imported in Geneious tool and used to generate full length chloroplast genome. The assembled genome size was 150,373 bp, divided in usual LSC, SSC and IRs. Overall genome structure and gene synteny matched to Ajuga reptans chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed divergence of Ajuga bracteosa from its relatives in family Lamiaceae. This study showed intra specific and interspecific relationship within family Lamiaceae. So, this work will help the researchers in proper identification and differentiation of Ajuga bracteosa from the other plants of same family.
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نیل کے سنگ

نیل کے سنگ

قل سیرو فی الارض فانظرو کیف بداَالخلق ثمّ اللہ ینشی ئُ النشاۃ الاخرۃ ان اللہ علی کل شی ء قدیر

ترجمہ:

 آپ فرما دیں زمین میں سفر کر کے دیکھو۔ اللہ کیوں کر پہلے بناتا ہے پھر اللہ دوسری اٹھان اٹھاتا ہے۔ بے شک اللہ ہر چیز پر قادر ہے

آج مسافر جس منزل کی جانب عازمِ سفر ہے وہ مصر کی سر زمین ہے ۔مصر کی جامعہ طنطا کے کلیہ فنون نے عصرِ حاضر کے ایک عفریت یعنی دہشت گردی سے بچائو اور تدارک کے لیے جب سماجی علوم اور ادب و لسانیات کے روشن میناروں اور منور دریچوں سے رائے مانگی اور اس پر مصاحبوں اور مکالموں کے لیے وادیٔ سینا کے صحت افزا مقام شرم الشیخ میں بیٹھک بٹھائی تو مسافر سے رہا نہ گیا اور رختِ سفر باندھا ۔

مصر جانے والے تمام راستوں کو اگر شاہراہِ بزرگ کہا جائے تو غلط نہ ہو گا ۔ہزار ہا سالوں سے ہزار ہا انسانوں نے اس سر زمین پر اپنے نقوشِ پا چھوڑے ،کشادہ جبیں اور روشن خیال راہروانِ شوق نے اس سر زمین کو نسلِ انسانی کے لیے منبع نور بنایا اور دلوں کو بینائی بخشی ۔بلاشبہ یہ ایک عام روش ہوتی تو پائے مال ہو تی مگر یہاں سبک سارانِ ساحل نے دھول دھول غبار کو ،فروغ ِ وادیٔ سینا کو تگ و تاز بخشی ۔

مسافر کو اس سفر اور وہاں ہو نے والے مصاحبوں اور مکالموں میں شرکت کی دعوت دکتورہ بسنت نے دی تھی ۔سماجی رابطے کی ویب سائٹ فیس بک پر ان سے مراسم قائم ہوئے زیادہ عرصہ نہیں گزرا تھا ۔فیس بک پر درج ان کی ذاتی معلومات اور لگی تصویر سے ان کی شخصیت...

Liberal Narrative in Pakistan about India, and its Effect on Universities Students’ Perception towards Terrorism

The key objective of this paper is to find the relationship between the liberal narratives in Pakistan on relationship with India and its effects on universities students’ perception of terrorism. There is a consensus among some prominent scholars that right wing political parties, security establishment and big media houses are producing a kind of national security narrative based on the troika; India as security threat to Pakistan, Islam as rallying cry for national cohesion, and support from great powers to finance ambitious security dominated foreign policy about the neighboring countries that does not help in counter-terrorism at home. This paper has adopted quantitative research method. It is a descriptive study and data was collected from four major public sector universities through survey questionnaires. The liberal narrative on India is weaker in Punjab on all issues. The findings of liberal narratives on India reject the claims of existing literature that there is a positive relationship between liberal narrative about India in Pakistan and counter-terrorism measures in FATA. Three variables researched in case study of Afghanistan reject the existing literature that there is a positive relationship between liberal narrative and counter-terrorism measures.

Synthesis of Novel Reactive Dyes for Textile Applications

The present project was designed to synthesize six heterofunctional reactive dyes with the objective to achieve alternative commercial products having better exhaustion, fixation on the cotton fabric with improved fastness properties on the through exhaust and pad dyeing methods. Physico-chemical method was used for the purification of thenovel azo reactive dyes and characterization of the six novel dyes was carried out for the structure elucidation through the analytical techniques including FTIR and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The effect of different dyeing process parameters (temperature, time and pH) on the dyeing quality was optimized for the pad thermosol dyeing through classical approach. Three important process parameters (salt, temperature and alkali concentration ) main and interactive effects were investigated through the Central Composite design on the exhaustion and fixation of novel dyes and results were analyzed by ANOVA and p-values. The exhaustion percentage at optimized conditions was 72 for D-1, 69 for D-2, 84 for D-3, 81 for D-4, 84 for D-5 and 87 for D-6. Similarly the fixation results were 67, 62, 79, 77, 79, and 82 for synthesized azo reactive dyes D-1 to D-6 respectively. From the results it was clear that D-6 showed highest exhaustion and fixation percentage while minimum results were obtained for dye D-2. Laboratory scale screen printing machine was used for the printing of six synthesized reactive dyes in paste form using 3% w/w. Color strength of the printed samples was determined and it was less than 60 percent after washing of samples. The colorimetric data of the synthesized dyes was determined with the help of spectraflash spectrophotometer by subjecting the dyed fabric to CIELAB and LCH system. Fastness properties (washing, rubbing, perspiration, light and chlorinated water) of the dyed fabrics were evaluated through ISO standard test methods. Fastness testing demonstrated significant results ranges from 3 to 5 on the grey scale. The results were compared with the commercial reactive dye Reactive red 195 and these are in close agreement. Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) for the dyed fabric at 2% dye shade was also evaluated which was excellent to very good. Advanced oxidation processes were used for the degradation studies of the synthesized dyes and analytical studies of the degraded samples were carried out using UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopic techniques which confirms the degradation of the dyes. Results obtained showed the commercial viability of the synthesized reactive dyes.