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Home > Molecular Diagnosis and Phylogeny of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Ibdv in Chicken During Field Outbreaks in District Chakwal, Pakistan

Molecular Diagnosis and Phylogeny of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Ibdv in Chicken During Field Outbreaks in District Chakwal, Pakistan

Thesis Info

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External Link

Author

Umm I Habiba

Institute

Virtual University of Pakistan

Institute Type

Public

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Software Engineering

Language

English

Link

http://vspace.vu.edu.pk/detail.aspx?id=391

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676721040595

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Poultry diseases are a matter of serious concern and responsible for extremely large profit making crisis in poultry industry per anum. Outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (IBD) are continuously increasing despite vaccination in commercial broilers. The strains of IBDV currently circulating in Chakwal district broiler flocks are not known. Clinicopathologic analysis and reverse transcriptase PCR were used in 18 poultry farms which were situated in district Chakwal to confirm field outbreaks of IBD. The genetic analysis of the hypervariable part of the?VP2?gene was utilized to describe different features of total 6 isolates of these outbreaks. Arrangement of nucleotides, infer amino acid sequences through phylogenetic analysis of VP2 gene containing hypervariable part were used for dividing IBDV strains into two groups. According to phylogenetic analysis, 5 IBDV strains showed special signatures of amino acid in the VP2 gene as A222, I242, I256, I294, S299 and classified as vvIBDV.They showed 97%?99% identity at the nucleotide level. Furthermore, the sequencing analysis of detected field strains revealed the high similarity and close clustering with vvIBDV strains isolated from India, Pakistan, and China, suggesting geographic and temporal relationships among these strains. Interestingly, one IBDV strain clustered togather with vaccinal IBDV strains and representing 99% sequence likeness with vaccine strains which were dissipated, suggesting possible role of attenuated vaccines in the outbreaks of IBD. Our study revealed circulation of vvIBDV strains in Chakwal broiler flocks and these evidences emphasize the need of further detailed and more systemic approaches to evaluate IBDV diffusion and characterization to design effective control strategies.
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٢۔کرونا کارن

کرونا کارن

شاکر انور

اسکی  آنکھوں کے نیچے دھوپ کی  پتلی سی لکیر بچھی تھی ۔دوپہر کے سناٹے میں دروازے پر اسے دیکھ کر میں حیران ہوا،تھوڑی سی الجھن،کچھ کچھ خوف اور شاید مدھم سنہری امیدوں کو اپنے پیروں میں لپیٹے وہ   جھجھکتی ہوئ مسکرائی۔

اپ نے پہچانا نہیں  میں مسز مالتی ملہوترہ ،کناٹ پلیس میں ہم ملے تھے  کرونا سے پہلے   ۔اب تو پہچانا

اندر آجائیں،    کیسے آنا ہوا   ،صوفے پر بیٹھنے کا اشارہ  کرتے ہوئے مسکراکر میں نے پوچھا

۔میری مسکراہٹ کے آدھے حصے نے اسکی مسکراہٹ کو مکمل۔کردیا

یہ چٹھی ہے ،  ملہوترہ نے دی ہے۔صوفے پر تنگ لباس میں بپھرے بدن کو سمیٹتے ہوئےوہ بیٹھ گئ ۔مجھے لگا وہ مٹھی میں  ہوا کوبند کر رہی ہو، میں اس سے کچھ پرے بیٹھ کر چٹھی پڑھنے لگا  دل تو چاہا کہ  قریب ہی  بیٹھوں لیکن اندیشہ ہوا، قربت کی جلدی کہیں دوری میں نہ بدل۔جائے

پیارے سنیل جی !آشا ہے سب کشل ہوگا۔کرونا کارن مین آجکل بہت پریشان ہوں۔ورکشاپ  بند پڑا ہے ۔اپ کی گاڑی  کے ڈینٹ پینٹ کا کام بھی نہیں کرسکا  اب تک

مجھے ابھی 5 ہزار کی بہت اوشکتا ہے ۔آپ کی گاڑی کے کام کردوںگا تو اس  سے کاٹ لیجئے گا۔ یقین ہے نراش نہیں کرینگے

آپ کا سچا متر  ملہوترہ

وہ سر جھکائے قالین پر پاوں  کے انگوٹھے رگڑتی رہی  میں اسکی جانب نہیں دیکھ رہاتھالیکن اسےمحسوس ہورہا ہوگا کہ اسے ہی دیکھ رہا ہوں  وہ بھی مجھے نہیں دیکھ رہی تھی لیکن مجھے یقین تھا کہ وہ مجھے ہی دیکھ رہی ہوگی۔کچھ نظریں بغیر دیکھے ہی سب کچھ دیکھ لیتی ہیں 

۔کمرے میں جاکر میں...

حیات امام مسلم بن حجاج القشیری

Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) asked the Ummat to build a strong bond with Quran and Sunnah. However, it was not possible to hold these, till both were not maintained in their original form. The science of Hadith has a significant role in the preservation of this Islamic Intellectual Heritage. It became possible because of the tremendous efforts of the Muslim Scholars who spent their entire lives in learning and spreading the Islamic knowledge. Imam Muslim bin Hajjaj al Qushairi 578 AD is one of the most enthusiastic, popular, and authentic personalities in the field of science of Hadith and among the bibliography of the narrators of Hadiths. His compilation As-Sahih Al-Jamey has a major contribution in preservation of Hadith. It is considered as the second most authentic book after The Quran. The paper discusses in details about the life of this intellectual personal, his journeys, his teachers, his students, his status, and his other research works.

Interaction of Commercially Available Drugs With Pseudomembrane Model Using Micellar Liquid Chromatography and Electronic Spectroscopy.

Micro-heterogeneous surfactant assemblies solubilize and encapsulate the active drug molecules and consequently protect them from the adverse environmental conditions. As pseudomodel of biomembranes, the associative structures of surfactant molecule are very useful for researchers to determine their role in cellular interactions. The present study reveals the molecular interactions of potential antibiotics (fixed dose combinations as well as single drugs) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, a quaternary ammonium surfactant). Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC), differential absorption and emission spectrometry were performed to probe the drug– CTAB association whereas interaction modes of drug–surfactant were quantified by determining binding capacities and related Gibb’s free energies at various pH conditions. The binding values of drug–CTAB obtained from micellar liquid chromatography measurements are found to be in good agreement with as measured by electronic spectroscopy. The fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs, (norfloxacin + metronidazole), (ofloxacin + ornidazole) and single drug sparfloxacin were studied at physiological condition pH 7.4. Gatifloxacin and levofloxacin were also studied at two pH values pH 7.4 and pH 5.5. Most fluoroquinolones solubilize in the aqueous medium. However for better bioavailability, improved efficacy and to overwhelm the lipophilic barrier, a physiological medium (pH 7.4) is useful for diffusion through phospholipid membrane. The spectral-luminescent measurements of these drugs interacting with cationic micelles were investigated as function of CTAB concentration from pre micellar to post micellar region. The results indicated potential solubilization of drugs in the peripheral region of micelles that may facilitate their controlled release. The values of the binding capacities of drug-micelle system have verified these results.