قرون وسطی میں مصر سے ملتان تک قرامطہ کے سیاسی و مذہبی اثرات

With the decline of strong Muslim Khilafate various sectarian based movements proved a serious danger for the Muslim world. Qramtah movement was most famous among them. During the latter period of Abbassid Khila-fate, Qaramtah appeared very strongly. They had a strong hold in different part of Islamic state. Bahrin was their strong head quarter and then they spread all around in state especially in rural areas. They defeated a large and powerful army of Khalifa with a small army severl time. Qramtah killed a millions of innocent Muslims. They captured Makkah and disgrced “Bait Ullah” and banned Hajj for almost 20 years. They propagated their philosophy and beliefs in all over the Muslim world by force. Qramtah also established a strong government in Multan after the departure of Muhammad bin Qasim. Jalam bin Shaban was a famous Qramtian ruler of Multan In 1004 A.D. When Mehmood Ghaznavi came in Multan at that time Abul Fatih Dawud Qramti was the ruler of Multan Mehmood arrested him and destroyed the power of Qramtah in Multan. Qramtah continued serious unrest in Islamic world for four centuries. This movement effected badly the Muslim world and they have become politically weak against their political rival Christianity.    

Cloud Evolution Management Using Intelligent Cloud Ecosystem Ice

This research is primarily focused on cloud computing and the spread of this technology with an enormous speed, which is sufficient to explain the need and desirability of this technology, on the other hand, same distinction is also the main challenge i.e. unplanned growth of cloud computing and relevant technologies. In past we have seen the same issues with world wide web, in which we have expanded to such levels that a proper governance and maintenance became near to impossible. Rapidly expanding cloud technology with conventional and emerging services is a source of generating huge volumes of data that requires to be addressed for analytics and simply for suitable storage structure. Big data and IoT are two emerging challenges linked to cloud computing and these two areas are research focus of many scientists. In this research we have proposed an Intelligent Cloud Ecosystem (ICE) which is a blend of cloud technology along with artificial intelligence and cognitive science. We believe that an autonomous and self-evolving intelligent environment is the solution to emerging problems related to cloud technologies. To address the issues of Big data and IoT, our proposed model ICE is having the ability to analyze the heterogeneity and homogeneity knowledge structures wherein, machine learning and artificial neural networks have been proposed for semantic, property and feature analysis. Validation of the proposed model ICE is being done through algorithm development as well as by simulating the model in MATLAB. Results have shown the positive inclination towards ecosystem relevance with overall performance and interoperability i.e. these two parameters play a significant role in the sustenance of the intelligent ecosystem, while third parameter is dynamic which may change as per the requirement e.g. reliability, security, cost etc. This research concludes that cloud technology will work better in a comprehensive cloud ecosystem with better management and service parameters for users as well as for cloud service providers, also the issues of Big data and IoT are more manageable and observable in a cloud ecosystem.