سید سجاد حیدریلدرم مرحوم
۱۲؍ اپریل ۱۹۴۳ء کی رات کو سید سجاد حیدر مرحوم نے جو ادب کی دنیا میں یلدرم کے نام سے مشہور تھے، قلب کے عارضہ سے دفعتہ وفات پائی، یہ علی گڑھ کالج کے پرانے تعلیم یافتوں میں اور اسی تعلق سے کالج کے ان چند طالب علموں میں تھے جنہوں نے مولانا شبلی مرحوم کے درس اور صحبت سے شعر و ادب کا ذوق حاصل کیا تھا، مرحوم مولانا کے درس کے اس قسم کے واقعات کو مزے لے لے کر بیان کیا کرتے تھے، ان کا اصل وطن نہٹور (یوپی) میں تھا، ۱۹۰۱ء میں بی، اے کی سند پاکر تعلیم سے فراغت پائی۔
ہماری زبان میں اس وقت ادب لطیف کا جو رواج ہے، اس کے پرانے لکھنے والوں میں سب سے پہلا نام سید حیدر مرحوم کا ہے اور چونکہ قادر مطلق کو ان سے یہ کام لینا تھا، اس لئے ان کی زندگی میں اس کا مناسب سامان بھی پیدا کردیا یعنی یہ کہ کالج کے زمانہ ہی میں ان کو ترکی پڑھنے کا خیال ہوا، علی گڑھ میں نواب محمد اسمٰعیل خان صاحب رئیس علی گڑھ کے والد بزرگوار ہجرت کرکے مکہ معظمہ چلے گئے تھے، وہیں نواب محمد اسمٰعیل خاں صاحب کی تعلیم و تربیت ہوئی، اس زمانہ میں ترکی وہاں کی سرکاری زبان تھی، اس لئے ان کو ترکی بھی پڑھائی گئی اور جب وہ ہندوستان آئے تو وہ ترکی ادب کے گویا نمائندہ ہوکر آئے، چنانچہ سرسید کے ’’تماشائے عبرت‘‘ میں وہ اسی ہیئت سے اسٹیج پر آئے ہیں اور معارف علی گڑھ میں جس کے وہ شریک ایڈیٹر تھے، وہی ترکی ادب کی اشاعت کا ذریعہ بنے۔
بہرحال سجاد حیدر مرحوم نے انہی سے ترکی زبان سیکھی اور اس کا یہ فائدہ ان کو پہنچا کہ سرکار انگریزی نے ان کو علی گڑھ...
Hadith is a verbal and practical interpretation of the Holy Quran and the second great source of Islamic jurisdiction. A misunderstanding about Hadith was propagated that it was compiled in the Third Century. The scholars of the sub-continent shook off those doubts raised against Hadith with lucid arguments. The personality who got the honour of writing on Hadith with intellectual evidence and deep research pattern was Dr. Hameed Ullah. Dr. Hameed Ullah proved with research that the work of compilation of Hadith started in the era of the Prophet (PBUH) and that of his companions (RA) . It further expanded in the era of the disciples ofthe Prophet's companions. This basic service ofHadith by these people strengthens the rule that compilation of Hadith was started in Prophet's era. The documents of the Prophet's reign and those of his companions and their disciples prove it that latter is a sufficient reply to reject the claims of those who don't trust in Hadith and those of the Orientalists that the writing of Hadith is the phenomenon two
Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) is the most destructive virus which causes severe yield losses in mungbean and transmitted by whitefly. MYMV was present in the major mungbean cultivated areas of Punjab which greatly affect the mungbean production and is a major constraint in mungbean low yield. A mungbean germplasm collection consisting of 127 genotypes were screened against MYMV. Only three genotypes viz., NM2011, NM2006 and AZRI-06 showed resistance response during both years. Three lines 07007, 98001 and 014322 were identified with moderately resistance response against MYMV. These should be included in future breeding program. Results of molecular characterization showed that genotypes differ in their genetic makeup as well as in field response against MYMV. During RAPD analysis minimum similarity was shown for genotypes 8008 and Azri-06, while the maximum similarity was shown for genotype NM-54 with NM-92. In SSR analysis, minimum similarity was shown for genotypes 8008 and Azri-06, while the maximum similarity was shown by genotypes NM-54 and NM-92. SCAR markers linked with MYMV resistance gene produced the desired amplification in resistant and moderately resistant genotypes and no bands were observed in highly susceptible genotypes. Environmental factors were significantly correlated with disease development, maximum temperature, wind speed were negatively correlated with disease incidence and minimum temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and whitefly population showed positive correlation with disease incidence. Regression analysis depicted that 83% of the disease variability was due to maximum, minimum temperatures, rainfall, relative humidity and wind speed. For the management of MYMV disease maximum control was achieved by use of imidacloprid, followed by combination of macro and micro nutrients (NPK, Fe,Zn,B), minimum control of disease was achieved by garlic. For the control of whitefly population, again imidacloprid gave the best results, followed by acetamiprid. The results of the present study could be used for future mungbean breeding program and genotypes that gave tolerant response could be recommended to farmers with application of imidacloprid followed by macro and micro nutrients in order to avoid the heavy losses caused by MYMV.