ڈاکٹر سید ابراہیم ندوی مرحوم
ماہ جون میں جامعہ عثمانیہ حیدرآباد کے شعبہ عربی کے صدر اور ندوۃ العلماء کے ایک لایق فرزند ڈاکٹر سید محمد ابراہیم ندوی کے انتقال کی خبر بھی علمی و دینی حلقوں میں بڑے رنج و غم کے ساتھ سنی گئی، ابھی ان کی عمر تقریباً پچاس برس تھی۔
ان کا اصل وطن استھانواں ضلع پٹنہ ہے، یہاں انکا خاندان اپنے علم و فضل کی وجہ سے نمایاں تھا، ان کے دادا مولانا محمد احسن استھانوی اپنے وقت کے اچھے اہل علم و قلم تھے اور ان کے والد مولانا سید ہاشم ندوی بھی ذی علم بزرگ تھے جو تلاش معاش کے لیے حیدر آباد گئے اور وہیں دائرۃ المعارف سے وابستہ ہوئے، تاریخ کامل ابن اثیر حصہ دوم کا ترجمہ ان کی محنت و کاوش کا نتیجہ ہے جس کو دارالترجمہ نے ۲۷ء میں شایع کیا، عرصہ تک دائرۃ المعارف کی عربی کتابیں ان کی تصحیح و حواشی کے ساتھ چھپتی رہیں جس کے آخر میں وہ ناظم بھی ہوگئے تھے، ابن ورید کی المجتنیٰ شایع ہوئی تو اس میں صاحب کتاب کے سوانح انھوں نے دیدہ ریزی سے لکھے جس کی تحسین مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ نے کی، انھوں نے اپنے فرزند سید ابراہیم کو دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلما میں تعلیم کے لیے بھیجا جنھوں نے بعد میں ایم۔ اے، پی۔ایچ۔ڈی کی ڈگری بھی حاصل کی اور عثمانیہ یونیورسٹی میں صدر شعبہ عربی کے عہدہ تک ترقی کی مگر ان کی عالمانہ وضع قطع میں فرق نہیں آیا، اپنی پاک و صاف زندگی کی وجہ سے انھوں نے اپنے خاندان اور ادارہ کے نام نیک میں اضافہ ہی کیا، رابطہ ادب اسلامی کے رکن کی حیثیت سے انھوں نے استنبول ترکی کے ایک اہم اجتماع میں شرکت کی، یونیورسٹی کی جانب سے بھی وہ مذاکروں اور مباحثوں میں شریک ہوتے رہے،...
Education has been considered of primary importance in human life. Religion and education are interrelated. A civilized society requires educational revolution in behavior of human beings. Education creates awareness about the human goals and real aim of life. This activity makes it possible to train the people in the right direction. Better education coupled with proper training makes a human being well-mannered and enables him to use his hidden qualities for the benefit of mankind, thus making him a beneficial not only for himself but also for the society. The preaching of religion depends upon the education and training. Our holy Prophet ﷺ was an ideal educationist not only of his time but also for the future generations. The Holy Prophet ﷺ being a great educationist and reformer initiated the University of Suffa in Medina when the Islamic society was in its infancy. Prophet ﷺ described the conditions, pattern and qualities of a teacher. A good teacher must be interpreted as good practitioner as well. The article deals with the moral qualities of a teacher and educationist in the light of teachings of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. The discussion has made clear the aim of Islamic education which is not limited within the domain of worship or prayers. Islam is a complete code of life which emphasizes the training of human being through education.
Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, as indicated by WHO. Local published and unpublished data indicate that patients in the developing world with colorectal cancer tend to present at an early age, and possibly at a more advanced stage than described in the developed world. The reason for this difference is unclear, and as yet undefined.
The Wnt/APC pathway, Microsatellite instability pathway and the Epigenetic pathway are three pathogenetically distinct pathways that have been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer. Exploration of these patterns may allow us to elucidate possible reasons for these differences.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of three molecules, β-catenin, p27 and COX-2, which represent various points of interaction along the Wnt/APC pathway, in colorectal cancers diagnosed at the Department of Pathology,Aga KhanUniversityHospital,Nairobi, and to correlate the findings with clinical, demographic and pathological characteristics of the study subjects.
Methods: Tissue blocks of 100 consecutive colorectal cancer resection specimens received during the period March 2006 to Dec 2009, were retrieved from the archives at the Department of Pathology. Haematoxylin and Eosin slides were prepared and reviewed for purposes of confirmation, typing, grading and staging of the colon cancer. Immunohistochemical expression for β-catenin, p27 and COX-2, was assessed and scored. Findings were correlated with relevant demographic, pathologic and clinical data.
Data Management and analysis: Data were recorded using a data sheet and then entered into an MS Excel spreadsheet. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago) and STATA version 10.0 (Stata Inc,Texas).
Chi square test (or Fisher’s exact test when number was <5) was performed to determine the association between categorical variables.
Results:β-catenin aberrant expression was found in 75% of tumours. 93% of cases showed moderate to strong nuclear p27 expression and 78% of cases demonstrated moderate to strong COX-2 overexpression. β-catenin expression patterns were associated with tumour location, and COX-2 overexpression with tumour histological subtype.
Conclusion: The aberrant expression of β-catenin corresponds with the overexpression of COX-2, supporting their postulated relationship in the Chromosomal instability pathway.
The Wnt/APC pathway still appears to be the most common pathway, despite our younger population. The utility of p27 still requires further evaluation and validation, due to conflicting results.