معرفتِ ذکر اور عرفان
طالب حسین کوثریؔ
کسی بھی چیز کو جانے اور سمجھے بغیر اس کے بارے میں تأثر نہیں دیا جا سکتا اور تأثر کا اچھا ذریعہ الفاظ ہوتے ہیں۔الفاظ کا تقاضا بھی ان کی معرفت ہوتی ہے۔الفاظ کی معرفت نہ ہو تو اظہار بھی اچھا نہ ہو سکے گا۔اظہار تحریر کی صورت میں ہو تو اس کے لئے دو اصناف’’نثر‘‘ اور ’’نظم‘‘ ہیں۔نثر کے ذریعے اظہار کرنے والے کو نثر نگار اور نظم کے ذریعے اظہار کرنے والے کو شاعر کہا جاتا ہے۔عربی زبان کا مقولہ ہے’’الشعراء تلامیذ الرحمان‘‘ شعراء اللہ کے شاگرد ہوتے ہیں۔انسان کو اللہ کی بخشی ہوئی عقل سلیم کا تقاضا یہ ہے کہ انسان اللہ کی بخشی ہوئی صلاحیت سے مالک کی حمد کرکے ایسی شاعری کرے جس سے پروردگار راضی ہو۔
خالقِ ارض و سماء اپنی مخلوقات میں سب سے زیادہ جس تخلیق کو اہمیت دیتا ہے وہ اس کے محبوب محمد مصطفیؐ کی ذات ہے۔فرشتوں کو ساتھ لے کر اُنؐ کی ذات پر درودپڑھتا ہے اور اہل ایمان کو درود کا حکم دیتا ہے۔اُنؐ کو محبت کا مرکز بنا دیا۔اُنؐ کی مدح سرائی میں ہدایت کی کتاب’’قرآن‘‘نازل کیا۔پروردگار جس شاعری سے سب سے زیادہ راضی ہو گا وہ اس کے محبوب کی تعریف و توصیف ہے جسے اہل ادب نے نعت کا نام دیا ہے۔
نعت کہنے کے لئے لازم ہے کہ سرورِ عالمؐ کی ذات کو جاننے اور سمجھنے کی کوشش کی جائے۔دوسرے لفظوں میں حضورؐ کا عرفان حاصل کیا جائے۔نعت کی کتاب’’ورفعنا کی صدا‘‘ کے مصنف محترم عرفان علی صاحب ایک مدرس ہیں اور صاحبِ عرفان بھی ہیں۔اُن کے والدِ محترم سچے عاشقِ رسولؐ ہیں اُن سے وراثت میں عشقِ رسولؐ کی دولت نصیب ہوئی۔پروردگار کی عطا سے اسی کی رضا کے لئے نعت کہتے ہیں۔اللہ بھی راضی،اللہ کا محبوب بھی راضی۔
ہم پر خدا کے...
“Gender equality” is certainly not another concept, this approach had been advocated in Islam, based on principles of equity and universal justice. Equality of rights are discussed in detail in sharīʿah (Islamic Law) and Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم (had implemented them during his sacred era. Because the Qur'an and the Seer’ah of the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم (is a permanent phenomenon of practice and guidance. According to the sharīʿah men and women without any discrimination are equal before Allah, and women had granted their rights in inheritance and property, social and marriage rights, not aforementioned only, women also have the right to perform civic and administrative duties. From last few decades the concept of gender equality has increased and becoming chicer and trending on the international level. This study emphasizes the equal status between men and women, described in sharīʿah (Islamic Law; based upon Qur’an and Hadith mainly). This concept has often been misunderstood by the majority of society as a direct result of ignorance on how Islam perceives this concept. Not surprisingly, throughout the history of Islam indicates the prominent role has played by Muslim women played every walk of life. Therefore, the present research has discussed the gender equality in fiqh ul seerah perspective and has provided the detailed interpretation in the light of derived Law from actions and decisions taken by the Holy Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم, (along this the study also sheds lights upon the implementation of these gender-based rights during most sacred prophetic era and during the period of righteous caliphate as well.
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of 3 different rearing systems [free range (FR), semi-intensive (SI) and confinement (CF)] on blood biochemical profile and immune response in 4 varieties of Aseel chicken [Lakha (LK), Mushki (MS), Peshawari (PW), and Sindhi (SN)] for 10 wk duration (7 to 16 wk). At the age of 6 wk, in total, 180 cockerels were assigned to 12 treatment groups, 3 (rearing system) × 4 (Aseel chicken variety) factorial arrangement in 7 randomized complete blocks, replicated 3 times with 5 birds in each replicate (45 birds of each variety; 60 birds in each rearing system; 36 total replicates). Blood samples were collected through brachial vein at the end of wk 16. After laboratory analysis, the recorded data for blood biochemical profile and immune response were analyzed by using 2-way ANOVA under factorial arrangement. The results showed higher (P<0.05) plasma glucose and total protein in birds under CF. Titer against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was found to be greater (P<0.05) in SI and FR, respectively. Peshawari birds indicated higher (P<0.05) concentration of glucose, total protein, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, and titers to NDV and IBV. Birds of LK and SN varieties also indicated maximum antibody titer against NDV and IBV, respectively. Cholesterol level was found to be greater (P<0.05) in birds of LK and SN. Interaction of SN with FR revealed maximum (P<0.05) cholesterol whereas interaction of PW with SI indicated maximum antibody titer against NDV. The results highlight that CF rearing system expediently affects glucose and total protein levels in birds; SI and FR confer maximum antibody titers to NDV and IBV. Birds of PW variety indicated higher glucose, total protein, albumin, uric acid and creatinine, the lowest cholesterol under FR and the enhanced antibody titer against NDV and IBV.