سید مرتضی علی دہلوی
اسی مہینہ دارالمصنفین کے ایک پرانے مخلص سید مرتضی علی صاحب دہلوی نے انتقال کیا، وہ کوئی مشہور آدمی نہ تھے، مگر اپنے اوصاف کے لحاظ سے بڑے انسان تھے، دہلی کے ایک قدیم اور اونچے خاندان سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، نواب علی حسن خاں مرحوم کے داماد تھے، دارالمصنفین کے بڑے ہمدرد ہواخواہ اور اس کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے رکن تھے، وہ جدید تعلیم یافتہ تھے، ابھی تھوڑے دن ہوئے مرکزی حکومت کے ایک بڑے عہدے سے ریٹائر ہوئے تھے لیکن بڑے دیندار اور اخلاق و شرافت کا مجسم پیکر تھے، جامع مسجد کے قریب ہی مکان تھا، اکثر نمازیں جامع مسجد میں ادا کرتے تھے، بڑے مخیر خلیق اور مہمان نواز تھے، ان کا گھر مستقل کارواں سرا تھا، بعض بعض مہمان مہینوں بلکہ برسوں مقیم رہتے تھے اور وہ بڑی خندہ پیشانی سے میزبانی کے فرائض انجام دیتے تھے، قومی و ملی اداروں اور اس کے کارکنوں سے خاص تعلق رکھتے تھے، دارالمصنفین سے ان کو بڑا مخلصانہ تعلق تھا، ہر وقت اس کی خدمت کے لیے کمربستہ رہتے تھے، غرض وہ اپنے اخلاق و سیرت میں قدیم تہذیب شرافت کا نمونہ تھے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی نیکیوں کے طفیل میں ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، جولائی ۱۹۵۶ء)
Islam is a complete code of life and provides the rights to every class of the human beings. Women rights is a kind of such basic rights which were not bothered in the world but Islam provided it to this gender in its ancient age. So many enactments have been made in Pakistan at federal and provincial level. “Punjab Protection of Women Against Violence Act 2016” will be main study of this research article in which. This act was passed rapidly without any detailed discussion on it, so is the reason that it bears so may deficiencies in it. Implementation of this act will surely cause to create the internal problems in family life and will destroy the family system of the era. Some provisions of this act are repugnant to Islamic teachings as well as to ethical norms which make the husband helpless, notorious and such sinful and criminal person who has no right of honor and respect in the society and this will become a permanent document of dishonor which will affect his person as well as his whole family. These main points of this Act will be analyzed in sharia perspective in this research paper.
This thesis comprises three separate yet interrelated research articles on product country image (PCI). Two theories from social science have provided underpinnings for the conceptual model of relationships investigated in this thesis: self-categorization theory provides a basis for consumers to categorize products as domestic or foreign, whereas social identity theory helps explain consumers‘ ethnocentrism. These theories have implications for the applicability of integrated marketing strategies to consumers located in nations with different cultures. Four antecedents of PCI were selected from the literature, namely, materialism (MAT), consumer ethnocentrism (CE), value consciousness (VC), and cosmopolitanism (COS), and their relationships with consumers‘ perceptions about home product country image (HPCI) and foreign product country image (FPCI) were investigated using a sample of young Pakistani respondents for the product category of clothing. This was examined in the first research article. The second research article tested the presence of the moderating effect of country familiarity (CF) on the relationships of the above-stated 4 antecedents with FPCI. The third research paper then investigated the relationship between PCI (including both HPCI and FPCI) with consumers‘ willingness to buy (WB) in the presence of the iv moderating effect of their product experience (PE) from previously using foreign products. Data were collected through a questionnaire completed by university students in Lahore. Validated scales were used to measure the latent constructs mentioned above, and confirmatory factor analysis was done to verify that the indicators do load on their respective factors with the required loading strength. Thereafter, structural relationships between the above-stated latent constructs were tested using structural equation modeling. In the first article, consumers‘ COS was found to be positively related to not only HPCI but also FPCI, which is not unusual, as cosmopolitan consumers are likely to be more open minded about both home and foreign products. CE was found to be positively related to FPCI, which was unexpected considering findings reported in the literature. Consumers‘ MAT was found to be positively related to FPCI, which was intuitively commensurate with expectations and in line with the literature. Consumers‘ VC was found to be negatively related to FPCI but positively related to HPCI, which is understandable in a developing country with low purchasing power. The results of the second research article revealed that CF has a moderating effect only on the relationship between consumers‘ VC and FPCI and does not moderate the relationship between the other 3 antecedents and FPCI.The results of the third paper showed that FPCI is positively related to consumers‘ WB foreign products. Further, consumers‘ PE with foreign products was found to moderate the relationship between FPCI and WB.