مولانا سید احمدمہاجر مدنی
ہمیں یہ معلوم کرکے بے حد افسوس ہواکہ پچھلے دنوں حضرت مولانا حسین احمد صاحب مدنی کے برادر بزرگ مولانا سید احمد صاحب مہاجر مدنی جوار نبوی میں ایک عرصہ مدید کے قیام ہجرت کے بعد پچھلے دنوں رہ گزائے عالم جادوانی ہوگئے۔ آں ممدوح کی تعریف میں مختصراً یہ کہنا کافی ہوگا کہ آپ صحیح معنی میں مولانا حسین احمد صاحب کے بڑے بھائی تھے۔عادات واطوار میں اسلاف کرام کا نمونہ تھے۔آپ کا عظیم الشان کارنامہ مدینہ طیبہ میں ایک شاندار دینی وصنعتی مدرسہ کاقیام ہے جس میں اس بلدۂ مطہرہ کے غریب بچے دینی اور صنعتی تعلیم حاصل کرکے سامان معادومعاش پیداکرتے ہیں۔ حق تعالیٰ آں مرحوم کوصدیقین و شہدا کے مراتب عالیہ سے شرف اندوز فرمائے اورپسماندگان کوصبر جمیل کی توفیق ارزاں ہو۔ رحمہ اﷲ رحمۃً واسعۃ ً۔ [جنوری ۱۹۴۰ء]
Islam where considers the superiority of law, provision of justice and equity, building and purification of civilization and emphasis on the welfare of society, there ensures the first priority to humanity, peace and prosperity in the external relations. Islamic state keeps relations on the basis of equality with the world and non-Muslim citizens living within the state. On this belief and ideology Islam invites the world to set together. Islam on these principles of Islamic ideology and belief sets the foundation of collectiveness. On this principle the whole philosophy of life and living system are embraced, and the same Islamic law is the foundation of nations, on this behalf the Islamic state organized the relation with other states. In this way Islamic state on these principles keep relations with other states and within the state relations between Muslim and non-Muslim citizens on the basis of brotherhoods, equality, mercy and the principles of dignity of human being. Along with peace Islam set the principles of war which comprise ethical and prison limitations, duties and ethics amongst warrior, difference between the rights of fighters and non-fighters, treatment with pact holders and prisoners, and specified the way of better treatment with the defeated nations. He thought the manners of war to bloody man who consider everything right during the war. Islam lays great stress on equality, social justice, brotherhood and peace not only in state but across the boarders too. In this article a deep study is done to explain the relations of an Islamic state with other states. Islamic foreign policy emphasizes on the principles of equality among all the human beings and all the races and nations. Islam builds international relation on humanitarian basis.
This study applies Dynamic Capabilities View (DCV) to the study of supply chain capabilities. While the literature in the area of dynamic capabilities (DCs) from supply chain perspective or Dynamic Supply Chain Capabilities (DSCCs) has grown steadily, few important questions have remained unanswered. Specifically, this study seeks to find out the antecedents and consequences of DSCCs. In this study, DSCCs are operationalized based on the framework presented by Teece (2007), as a second-order factor consisting of sensing, seizing, and transforming capabilities. Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and Supply Chain Learning (SCL) are proposed as antecedents of DSCCs. The role of Environmental Dynamism (ED) in the process of capability formation is also considered. Finally, direct and indirect relationship between DSCCs and Supply Chain Performance (SCP) is considered. Indirect relationship is studied using the Operational Flexibility (OFL), Operational Improvement (OIM), and Operational Innovation (OIN) as mediating operational capabilities. Survey research was used to test the hypothesized model. Data were collected from 275 managers working in supply chain and related functions in manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to validate the measurement model and test hypotheses. Results of the study showed that the research model was generally supported. Sensing, seizing (supply chain agility), and transforming (supply chain adaptability) provide a parsimonious framework for measuring DSCCs as indicated by fit indices in CFA. Results of the hypotheses tests showed that EO and SCL have a positive impact on DSCCs. Furthermore, DSCCs had a stronger direct impact on SCP compared to the indirect impact. 3 This research contributes to the literature by providing a framework for measuring DSCCs. It provides a better understanding of capability levels by empirically showing that capabilities operate at different levels and capabilities at each higher level modify the next level capabilities. It helps develop an understanding about DC-performance relationship in a better way. The study also showed that environmental dynamism does not play a significant role in the relationship between higher-order and lower-order dynamic capabilities. Finally, for executives and managers who are concerned about better managing their supply chains, this study provides insights for how firms can develop competitive advantage through DSCCs.