54. Al-Qamar/The Moon
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
54:01
a. The Last Hour has drawn near,
b. and the moon has been split open.
54:02
a. But whenever they see a Sign, they turn away, and mock:
b. Just the ‘same old deception, continuing!’
54:03
a. And they belie it and follow their whims.
b. But every matter will reach its proper end - so they will know the truth.
54:04
a. Certainly enough of the narratives of the fate of the former disbelieving nations would have
already come in which there is deterrence,
54:05
a. narratives full of far reaching wisdom,
b. yet the warnings do not benefit them.
54:06
a. So turn away from them.
b. The Time is going to come when the Caller will call all people to a horrible event;
54:07
a. with their eyes humbled, they will emerge out of their graves as if they were swarms of locust, looking confused and bewildered,
54:08
a. scrambling in a stampede and rushing towards the Caller.
b. The disbelievers will say remorsefully:
c. ‘This is such a difficult time!’
54:09
a. Before them the People of Noah too had belied OUR Messages and Messenger,
b. and they belied OUR servant Noah, and alleged:
c. ‘He is insane!’
d. And he was rebuked and prevented from advocacy.
54:10
a. So he appealed to his Rabb - The Lord in utter helplessness:
b. ‘I have certainly been overpowered.
c. So help’ me!
There are different theories about languages in the world. Linguistics provided different views on the origin of different languages. The Punjabi language is a one of the oldest languages in the world. According to my view, its origin is Dakan, Punjab, Sind etc. This article explores the effects of the Harappan Era on the Punjabi language. Historical references have been made to prove that the language of Harappa was ancient Punjabi.
Polyurethanes can be tailored with outstanding precision for any specific application. The novelty in performance properties of PUs is mainly associated with careful choice of the polyols/polyamines and chain extenders because about 50% volume of PU is comprised of these reactants. Hence, the PUs for desired application can be developed through selecting different polyols and chain extenders. This research project was aimed to synthesis the chitosan based biocompatible PUs for textile applications using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG), DPMA and chitosan as chain extender. This study was portioned into three parts. In Part-I, water dispersible PUs were prepared by using mixtures of chitosan (Mol. Wt. 50,000 g/mole) and BDO as chain extender in different mole ratios. In Part-II, PU dispersions were prepared using nanochitosan as chain extender. NCS of 267 nm average particle size was prepared by ionic gelation method. In Part-III, low molecular weight chitosan (CS(LMW)) was used as chain extender. CS(LMW) was prepared by oxidative depolymerization of chitosan with hydrogen peroxide and molecular weight (Mv=12400) was determined by viscometry. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used for molecular characterization of CS-PU dispersions. The physical properties of CS-PUs including dispersion stability and solid contents were determined and correlated with other findings. The dyed and printed poly-cotton blend fabrics were finished with 10% and 20% solutions of all these CS-PU dispersions by pad-dry-cure method followed by the evaluation of physical, mechanical and antibacterial properties of finished p/c fabrics by standard test procedures. The scanning electron micrographic imaging of finished fabrics was also carried out for morphological study. The pill resistance, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), Air permeability (AP), crease recovery angle (CRA), tear and tensile strength of the finished blend fabrics were investigated by standard methods and the results revealed that all the chitosan based polyurethane dispersions improved the UPF, CRA, stiffness and tensile strength of the blend fabrics. However, tear strength of the fabrics was decreased. The superior results for CRA, tear and tensile strengths were obtained by applying CS-PUs based on CS(LMW). Finally, antibacterial properties were evaluated by disc diffusion method and no bacterial growth was observed above, below or in close proximity of the fabrics swatches with visible inhibition zones which were improved with the increase in chitosan amount in dispersions.