Islamic Perspective of Governance and Judiciary: A Literature Review

The aim of this research is to accumulate the literature related to an Islamic ideology for two of the basic components of a State, Governance and Judiciary; both have a strong impact on society. Pakistan is an Islamic ideological state, the only Islamic rule created on the name of religion after the state established by the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him) in Medina. Its constitution and the style of governance should have its foundation based upon the principles of Islam; this is the main concept behind the creation of “Islamic Republic of Pakistan”. The paper will review some of the basic requirements for an administrative system to be qualified as Islamic way of governance and the judicial system in Islam includes the formulation of a comprehensive ideology of human equality and justice; the creation of a powerful incentive to adopt this ideology; and to establish a living example of equality and justice at all levels of life by defining the Islamic Judicial System & Its Legal Basis. Different Quranic verses, sayings and acts of Muslim jurists in this perspective are also studied. The paper has literature review in two major parts, first we will cover governance and Islam along with some basic terminologies from Islamic point of view and in the later part Judiciary, the concept of Justice and Judicial system in Islam will be discussed.

A Study of Human Motives In The Light of The Holy Quran

A Study of Human Motives In The Light of The Holy Quran This research work aims at the study of human motives of actions and behaviour in the light of the Qur'an, psychoanalysis and some theories of behaviorism and genetics. It also includes the study of the factors, which initiate, motivates and affect the motives behind human actions and behaviour. Mainly, psychoanalytical or psychodynamic approach has been adopted. However, in addition to it, following are some of the theories, which, have largely been employed in this research work: 1. Genetic Behaviour 2. Social Learning Theory of Albert Bandura 3. Situational Attribution by Philip Zimbardo 4. Hierarchy of Human Needs by Abraham Maslow 5. Narcissism We believe that God is the creator of man, He knows him well. He knows the innermost secrets of his heart. Since we know from the holy scriptures that God wants to cure and correct man's actions and behaviour, it is obvious that He must have revealed to man his true nature and the real motives of his actions and behaviour in His divine books, especially in the Qur'an; so that, man may beware of himself and his true nature and may improve his actions and behaviour with the help of this knowledge. This is the theme of this research thesis. Therefore, the postulation of this research work is that God is the best psychoanalyst. Some philosophical and metaphysical problems have also been discussed in this research work to establish foundations and parameters for the proposed study. Then, different modes of human behaviour and actions, mentioned in the Qur'an, have been discussed in the light of the Qur'an, psychoanalysis, psychodynamics, and the above-mentioned theories of behaviorism and genetics. Next, the good and bad personalities of the Qur'an have been discussed to determine the motives of their behaviour and the factors, which caused such behaviour. Next, the nations and their collective behavior have been analyzed with the same methodology. Scientific theories of behavior, except for genetics, are least consulted here as the author believes that human behavior and motives are not a subject completely scientific. They are more the subject of social sciences. In the end, the thesis concludes with some conclusions and recommendations for possible application of the findings of this work and for further research work, in the future.