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Party politics in Pakistan , 1962 - 1971 : a case of convention muslim league

Thesis Info

Author

Junaid Irfan

Supervisor

Syed Akmal Hussain Shah

Department

Department of History and Pakistan Studies

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

123

Subject

History and Pakistan Studies

Language

English

Other

MS 329.95491 JUP

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676721535270

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تری نظر میں رہوں، باوقار ہو جائوں

تری نظر میں رہوں، با وقار ہو جائوں
قسم خدا کی میں رشک بہار ہو جائوں

فدا میں جان کروں تیرے ہر اشارے پر
تری رضا پہ میں ایسے نثار ہو جائوں

فنا مَیں ہو کے تری ذات میں، اے جانِ جاں!
میں کیوں نہ باقی رہوں پائیدار ہو جائوں

ہے میرے پاس یہ نسخہ قرارِ دل کے لیے
کسی کو یاد کروں بے قرار ہو جائوں

مجھے یہ خوف ہے تائبؔ کہ درد ہے جتنا
چھلک پڑوں نہ کہیں زار زار ہو جائوں

مکالمہ بین المذاہب شرائط، مقاصد جديد

Now the whole world is the global village. The science has brought revolution in every field of life. Man has made a lot of things for his comforts, discomforts, reliefs and destruction. Now the time has come for us to take evolutionary steps to save us from giant’s destruction, terrorism, extremism, intolerance and unrest which are the machinations of complete annihilation over the earth, which needs cosmopolitanism on our part For this purpose, dialogue can play a vital role. People belongs to different civilizations, cultures, societies, nations and religions can sit around the table beings humans and can solve religious, political, geo political and economical problems by enhancing mutuality and common understanding. Dialogical aim should be to avoid clash of civilizations and peace for everyone. Terrorism and extremism should be stopped and we should promulgate coexistence and peace for whole human community. Purpose should be to serve the humanity. We should promote love, peace, respect for the other religions; serve humanity create equality and equity among human beings. This should be safety of present and coming generation. We should pay our role as super creature and thinking creature; super. The barriers which come across while promulgating cosmopolitanism and expatriation is seemed to be is the double standard of the west, that promotes colonialism, terrorism, extremism and economical support of missionaries and these things are the real problems for those human beings who take serious trenchant and serious efforts to achieve dialogical goals cannot achieve it. The role western media plays; is not supportive to this nation. Western world especially American should use her hegemony to make world worth living and worth seeing to the coming generation.

Discursive Reconstruction of the Native American Subject in Sherman Alexie's Works

Discursive Reconstruction of the Native American Subject in Sherman Alexie's Works The Native American subject has been misconstructed by the Euro-American historical, media, literary and politico-juridical discourses for the White colonial capitalist agenda. Columbus, the most hated individual by the Native Americans, initiated their genocide in the name of civilization and service to Christ. Onwards from the discovery of the New World in 1492, Euro-American history, geography, politics, judiciary, literature, media and even religion all served as instruments of colonial project to construct Red Indians as a cannibalistic community whose extinction is unavoidable for the preservation of humanity. Sherman Alexie, a Coeur de Alene Native American author’s works reconstruct the Native American subject from tribal perspective. His revisionism discursively brings the Native American subject into interiority. The subject in The Summer of Black Widows and First Indian on the Moon, conscious of domestic imperialism, is proudly rooted in the past, challenges Euro-American misrepresentation without compromise and imaginatively reactivates the old American Indian cultural patterns and practices. It dismantles the historical oblivion and brings to the surface the cultural identity from pre-Columbian context to write back to the imperialist misconstruction. But the subject in Ten Little Indians, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian and Flight is simultaneously rooted in both the Euro- American and the Native American discursivities. In the latter case, the subject is realistically conscious of the existing milieu of the United States in which survival without acceptance of the multi-cultural and multi-racial institutionalized bioforce and governmentality is not possible. Flight and Diary offer a solution to the nihilist vision presented in The Indian Killer. The frustrated Native American subject is frequently bogged down into historical trauma, colonialism, alcoholism and racism but the subject in Flight, Diary and Ten Little Indians realizes the need for healing the ravages of traumatic inheritance of genocide. Forgiveness, compassion and empathy emerge as a solution to the imbroglio of agony and suffering. The optimist subject in Alexie’s latter works develops the simultaneous relationship with past and present: the former is necessary to preserve the tribal identity of the Native American culture and the latter is significant in view of the modern multicultural, multi-ethnic and technologized milieu of the United States.