مولانا حافظ محمد اسلم جیراج پوری
افسوس ہے مولانا حافظ محمد اسلم جیراج پوری بھی جو علم وادب کی صبح بہار کا ایک آخری جلوۂ گریز پاتھے۔ہم سے بچھڑ گئے اوراس خاکدانِ آب و گل کو خیرآباد کہہ کر رہ گزائے عالم آخرت ہوگئے۔مرحوم ہماری بزم علم وثقافت کے دور پیشین کی یادگار تھے۔ایک زمانہ میں اُن کے مضامین ومقالات کابڑاچرچا تھا۔ باقاعدہ اور وسیع المطالعہ عالم تھے۔ان کی تالیفات میں’تاریخ الامت‘ جو چھوٹی چھوٹی کئی جلدوں میں ہے اس کوبڑی شہرت ومقبولیت حاصل ہوئی۔اس کے علاوہ چند ادبی اور تنقیدی مضامین اورسوانحی تالیفات بھی ان کی یادگار ہیں۔جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ کے اولین معماروں اوربانیوں میں سے تھے اورآخر اسی کی خدمت کرتے کرتے جان جان آفرین کوسپردکری۔قرآن مجید کے ساتھ بڑاعشق اورشغف تھا، اس کے وہ حافظ بھی تھے اوربڑی پابندی سے روزاس کی تلاوت کرتے تھے۔ نہایت سادہ زندگی بسر کرتے تھے۔راقم الحروف کوجب کبھی ان کے ہاں چائے پینے کا اتفاق ہواہے کبھی بھی ایسا نہیں ہواکہ چائے کی پیالیاں صحیح وسالم پائی ہوں۔ بڑے قناعت پسند،گوشہ نشین،شہرت سے نفوراور حددرجہ متواضع اورمنکسر المزاج بزرگ تھے، جس سے جو وضع تھی بہرحال نباہتے تھے۔ حدیث کے بارے میں ان کا جو مسلک تھا اس کے باوجود ہم ارباب ندوۃالمصنفین کے ساتھ ان کے تعلقات بڑے شگفتہ تھے اور وہ کبھی نجی ملاقاتوں میں اس طرح کی بحث نہیں اُٹھاتے تھے۔یہ وضع داری اورشرافت،یہ مروت اورخوش خلقی اب عنقا ہوتی جارہی ہے۔اب آئندہ ایسے لوگ کہاں ملیں گے۔اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کو غریق رحمت فرمائے اور ان کو مغفرت وبخشش کی نعمتوں سے سرفراز فرمائے۔آمین
[جنوری ۱۹۵۶ء]
Calling to the path of Allah has never been an easy task. It was in fact direct opposition of the prominent personalities of that time. The holy Prophet r conducted preaching (Daa’wah) in such a way that it is not monotonous for the listeners. The Prophet r did not make them sit for long and hear lengthy speeches. Preaching (Daa’wah) in today’s world is not as successful and effective mainly because it is not carried out the way as prescribed and practiced by the holy Prophet r. It is pertinent to mention here that way of preaching adopted by Prophet Muhammad r was the same as it had been the method of all Prophets before Him r. However, it can truly be said that Prophet Muhammad r developed these qualities to the extreme heights. In this article, prophetic approach of preaching was discussed in a way that may guide the preachers of modern times in efficient as well effective way. These virtues were discussed as different traits in the personality of a preacher.
Efficiency of objective oriented breeding programs is usually rated by the genetically improved high yielding varieties/hybrids with better quality and having adaptability to a wider range of agro-climatic conditions. Breeding for superior combinations regarding quantitative and qualitative traits for high productivity, adaptability and better quality needs basic understanding of the genetic mechanisms governing additive and dominance gene effects and their interactions. In the present study, fifteen inbred lines were planted to finally select eight suitable ones to be used as parental lines. The research was conducted at the research area of Maize, Sorghum and Millet Programme, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad during autumn, 2007. In order to develop a complete set of 8 x 8 diallel, seed of F1, BC1, BC2 and F2 among drought prone and drought tolerant groups was produced during 2008. Experiments for genetic study were maintained in rain free spring season during 2008 and 2009 in two separate trials. One trial was raised at normal level of irrigation (recommended for raising commercial crops), while irrigation was stopped in the second trial to induce moisture stress one week prior to the start of anthesis to two weeks after completion of silk emergence. Data were recorded on leaf rolling, days to pollen shed, days to silk emergence, anthesis-silking interval (ASI), plant height, ear height, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100-kernel weight, shelling percentage, grain yield per plant, protein percentage, lysine percentage and tryptophan percentage. These data were analysed following Hayman''s approach of diallel analysis and generation mean analysis was performed accordingly. Findings of Hayman’s approach revealed that over dominance gene actions were important for most of the traits studied under normal irrigation supply. Additive gene actions with partial dominance for days to silk emergence, protein, lysine and tryptophan percentages were noticed under normal irrigation. Furthermore, inheritance of leaf rolling, days to silk emergence, plant height, number of kernels per row, which exhibited over-dominance behaviour during normal irrigation, showed partial dominance with more additive gene effects under water stress conditions at flowering. However, the inheritance of rest of the traits was noticed to be unchanged under drought conditions. Generation mean analysis inferred that dominance gene actions were important to control leaf rolling, days to pollen-shed, days to silk emergence, anthesis-silking interval (ASI), ear height, number of kernel rows per ear, 100-kernel weight, shelling percentage and grain yield per plant. Both dominance and additive inheritance was at the interplay of silk emergence, plant height and number of kernels per row, whereas, additive genetic effects were important for protein, lysine and tryptophan percentages. Heterosis in traits including yield and quality including leaf rolling, days to pollen shed, days to silk emergence, anthesis-silking interval, plant and ear heights, number of kernels per row, 100-kernel weight and grain yield per plant were found important for yield related traits. It is interesting to note no significant change in protein quality traits, that is, grain protein and lysine percentages, was found under both regimes of irrigation. This elaborated the relative stability of protein quality parameters under drought conditions. This study identified certain inbred lines like NCMLD1 and their combinations (e.g. NCMLQ2 x NCMLD1) of significant importance and use in the development of maize hybrids. The material identified could be of prime importance to the local breeders for recurrent selection breeding programme and population improvement in order to develop high yielding and drought tolerant varieties/hybrids of quality protein maize (QPM).