Image of Islam Western Media: An Overview of Studies About Portrayal of Islam and Islamic World 1971-2001

ABSTRACT: This article presents an over view of studies conducted by the various scholars about portrayal of Islam and Islamic world during the time period (1971-2001) . It is claimed that mainstream media of west and US have been disseminating false information about Islamic world since the several decades. Due to the distorted images, developed and manipulated by the media, Islam is the name of negativity in the west. It is generally believed that western and United States mainstream media often misrepresents and inaccurately interprets/portrays Islam, Islamic world and its manifestation. After conducting in depth analysis of various studies regarding portrayal of Islamic world prior the incident of 9/11, it was found that elite media in the United States including the newspapers: Like New York Times and Washington post; the magazines: like Time and News Week, electronic media including: like ABC, CBS, NBS & CNN have been highlighting Islamic world in negative and unfavorable manner. It is said this anti Islamic campaign has reached to enormous proportion with the demise of communism. The that negative image of Islamic country is primarily a conspiracy of American foreign office to invent a new bogy and enemy to fill vacuum created by the collapse of soviet Union and world wide desperation of communism, particularly demise of communism in former USSR

Self-Adaptive Methods for General Variational Inequalities

It is known that the general variational inequalities are equivalent to the fixed point problem and the Wiener-Hopf equations. We use this equivalent formulation to develop some new self-adaptive methods for solving the general variational inequalities. It is shown that the convergence of these new self-adaptive methods requires only the pseudomonotonicity, which is weaker condition than monotonicity. Relationship of these new methods with previous known methods is considered. Several examples are given to illustrate the efficiency and implementation of these methods. It is shown that the new self-adaptive methods perform better than the previous ones. A new class of variational inequalities is introduced and studied which is called the extended general mixed variational inequality. We establish the equivalence between the extended general mixed variational inequalities and the fixed point problems. This alternative equivalent formulation is used to suggest and analyze some new iterative methods for solving the extended general mixed variational inequalities. The convergence analysis of these methods is considered under suitable mild conditions. A new class of resolvent equation is introduced. It is shown that the extended general mixed variational inequalities are equivalent to the resolvent equation. This equivalence is used to suggest some iterative methods for solving the extended general mixed variational inequalities. The convergence of these iterative methods is discussed. Since the extended general mixed variational inequalities include extended general variational inequalities and related optimization as special cases, results obtained in this thesis continue to hold for these problems.