تسکینؔ قریشی
تسکین قریشی غزل گو شعراء میں نہایت ممتاز اور تغزل میں جگر کے صحیح جانشین تھے، وہ ملازم پیشہ تھے، اس لیے پیشہ ور شعراء کی کمزوریوں سے ان کا دامن پاک تھا، اور اپنی اخلاقی بلندی کے اعتبار سے شعراء کی آبرو تھے، طبعاً خاموش، عزلت پسند اور شہرت طلبی سے دور تھے، مشاعروں میں بھی بہت کم شریک ہوتے تھے، اور اخبارات و رسالوں میں بھی اپنا کلام اشاعت کے لیے کم بھیجتے تھے، اس لیے ایک عرصے تک ان کو وہ شہرت حاصل نہ ہوسکی جس کے وہ مستحق تھے، لیکن آخر میں ان کے کلام کی نکہت صاحب ذوق طبقہ میں پوری طرح پھیل گئی تھی، راقم کو ان کے کلام کا اندازہ ان کے دوسرے مجموعۂ کلام ’’گلگونہ‘‘ کی اشاعت کے بعد ہوا، ان کی شاعری خیالات کی لطافت و پاکیزگی اور زبان کی نفاست و سلاست کا نمونہ ہے، نعتیں بھی بڑی پرکیف کہتے تھے، ان سے ملاقات کی نوبت کبھی نہیں آئی، مگر کبھی کبھی وہ اپنا کلام معارف میں اشاعت کے لیے بھیجتے تھے، اس سلسلہ میں ان سے خط و کتابت رہتی تھی، اور ان سے ایسے تعلقات ہوگئے تھے کہ انہوں نے اپنے آخری مجموعۂ کلام سرمایہ تسکین کا مقدمہ راقم سے باصرار لکھوایا، وہ راسخ العقیدہ اور پابند مذہب مرد مومن تھے، ان کی موت سے ایک نامور اور شائستہ غزل گو شاعر اٹھ گیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس صاحبِ دل شاعر کی مغفرت فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی،اگست ۱۹۷۱ء)
The aim of this research is to thoroughly analyze the part multilingual dailies play in covering women issues in Pakistan. It is rooted from national newspapers, the Daily ‘Dawn’, the Daily ‘Jang’ and the Daily ‘Kawish’ in the year of 2011. The study explores to what extent of the violence against women and education issue of women is dealt by the sampled dailies. The study employed content analysis a quantitative research methodology during 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2011. The contents of the newspaper were measured in column per centimeter of the space of one year. For this research work three major dailies of three different languages, the Daily Dawn, the Daily Jang and the Daily Kawish were selected. In sum up, an elite class newspaper the Daily Dawn has published 562 very little issues of women and used 0.6 percent of the total capacity which is of 4353024 co./cm in the year of 2011. However, the Sindhi language newspaper, the Daily Kawish has used 2430 a little more issue of women and covered 2.3 percent of total capacity of 1678976 col./cm of this daily in 2011. To some extent, the Urdu language newspaper the Daily Jang has reported 1297 more number of women issues and used 1 percent of total capacity of 2423616 col./cm in one year. Hence, the result shows that Pakistani press gives a little bit space to issues of women rights. Although, the Daily Dawn and the Daily Kawish have reported more issues of violence against women but the Daily Jang (an Urdu language newspaper) has covered more education problems of women in its newspaper in the year of 2011.
Development of Urdu Language and Literary Prose in NWFP from 1850 to the creation of Pakistan The aim of this thesis is to give a critical appraisal of the development of Urdu language and literary prose from 1850 to the creation of Pakistan. In order to review and make their war strategy, the invaders of India, coming via the Khyber valley, made a permanent abode in the then Frontier province, now known as Khyber Pakhtunkhwah today. Thus the language of these foreign invaders greatly influenced the indigenous language which resulted in the origination of a new language Urdu. This language made progress by heaps and bounds. The objective of this thesis is to bring to light the pros and cons of the same progress which the language made during its initial stages. There was a huge stock of literature till the creation of Pakistan. A lot of valuable work had been done in all the genres of literature. Although in his book Adbiat-e-Sarhad, Farigh Bukhari has mentioned some prose books in the province till the creation of Pakistan. But its research based and critical review is yet to be presented. Therefore, to present a critical and in-depth analysis of the fiction, humor, satire. Biographies and criticism is also the objective of this thesis. In addition to this, the titles, techniques, art and style of the above mentioned types of prose will also be brought to light. Every literature reflects the political, social and cultural aspects of its age. It also shows the beliefs, customs and thoughts of the people. In this scenario, the objective of the thesis is also to know about the political, social and cultural values of the time.