حکیم محمد سعید
حافظ حکیم محمد سعید کے وحشیانہ اور بے رحمانہ قتل پر کون ہے جو تڑپا اور بے قرار نہ ہوا ہوگا، وہ بین الاقوامی شخص، مملکتِ خداداد کے ہمدرد و مسیحا، پاکستان کے معمار، اس کا مقدر چمکانے اور بنانے کے لیے فکر مند، ہمدرد فاؤنڈیشن کے سربراہ اور مدینتہ الحکمت کے بانی، عالم، مصنف، مدبر، عالی دماغ، سچے اور پکے مسلمان، قوم و ملت کے بے لوث خادم، مخالف ہوا میں طب کا چراغ روشن کرنے، علم کو فروغ دینے، حکمت و محبت کا خزانہ لُٹانے والے، غریبوں اور مصیبت زدوں کے درد و غم میں شریک، پہلو میں درد مند دل رکھنے، پاکستان کے تشویش انگیز حالات سے بے چین اور پریشان رہنے والے کو چند دقیقوں میں جن لوگوں نے موت کے گھاٹ اُتارا وہ بڑے خوں خوار، درندہ صفت اور انسانوں کے بھیس میں وحوش سے بھی بدتر لوگ تھے۔ آخر اس فرشتہ صفت، پاک دل، پاک باز، رحم و مروت کے پیکر، مجسم شرافت اور اخلاقی خوبیوں سے منور انسان کا قصور کیا تھا، ذوق مرحوم کے شاگرد محمد مظفر خاں گرمؔ رامپوری کا وہ قطعۂ تاریخ وفات یاد آگیا جو نواب شمس الدین خاں مرحوم کو پھانسی دیے جانے پر کہا گیا تھا
یہ دست درازیِ ستم کس سے بیاں ہو
بے جرم و گنہ مسند نواب کو الٹا
تاریخ معمے میں نئی طرز سے لکھ، گرمؔ!
کیا چرخ نے ’’نوابی سہراب‘‘ کو الٹا
جو مملکت اُس اسلام کے نام پر وجود میں آئی تھی جو سراپا امن و سلامتی ہے اور جس کے آئین میں خون خرابہ اور قتل و دہشت گردی کی کوئی گنجایش نہیں اور جس کے ماننے والے (مسلم) ساری دنیا کے لیے سراپا رحمت ہوئے ہیں، آج وہی مملکت جہنم کا نمونہ بنی ہوئی ہے، کراچی مقتل میں تبدیل ہوگیا ہے، پاکستان...
The conquest of Makkah is an extraordinary and unprecedented event of the Muslim history in which the Holy Prophet (PBUH) demonstrated his political discernment and strategy that Islam is an unassailable entity that can never be eradicated. Your democratic engagement in the conquest of Makkah facilitated the establishment of a government of peace and reconciliation in Arabia, which led the Arabs to grow submissive to the Sharia. They all became Muslims as a consequence of your political participation; hence, Makkah's government was then altered and structured accordingly with Islamic principles. The political role of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in the conquest of Makkah has been addressed in this article. The methodology chosen to go ahead with this piece was astounding. However, the challenge faced during the research was: Muslims in the modern age encounter a slew of political issues. And as a result, Politicians, if they try, can overcome their challenges by remembering the Holy Prophet's (PBUH) political involvement in the Conquest of Makkah. Keywords: The Holy Prophet (PBUH), political problems, The Conquest of Makkah, Modern era.
In this work Ag-Cu, Ag-Au and Au-Cu bimetallic alloy nanoparticles of different compositions were synthesized by different methods i.e., polyol, aqueous polymer solution, co-reduction, reverse micellar, co-precipitation and chemical reduction methods. The synthesized alloy nanoparticles were characterized by UVVisible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, TEM, HR-TEM and EDS. The XRD pattern showed high crystallinity and phase formation of the nanoparticles. TEM evidenced the formation of Ag-Cu, Ag-Au and Au-Cu nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 10-15, 20-30 and 15-25 nm respectively. Ag-Cu bimetallic alloy nanoparticles were coated over a well-polished glassy carbon electrode and the designed sensor was applied for the detection of a highly carcinogenic carbonyl compound, 2-butanone. Electrochemical studies revealed that polyethylene imine (PEI) used as a capping agent also enhances the sensing of the modified electrode for the recognition of 2-butanone. The sensor developed from AgCu (1:1) alloy nanoparticles showed the best sensing properties for the detection of 2- butanone as evidenced by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and a 0.1 μM detection limit. Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with potentiodynamic polymerization of pyrrole into polypyrrole which was over oxidized in order to increase its sensitivity towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The electrode was further modified with Au-Ag bimetallic alloy nanoparticles. The fabricated GCE was successfully applied to detect an environmental toxin, pyrene. Ag and Au in ratio of 3:1, showed best response for the detection of pyrene with a detection limit of 0.1 µM. Au-Cu (1:3) alloy nanoparticles synthesized by chemical reduction method were intentially engineered with their desired ratio and chemical composition on the surface of clean GCE that was already fabricated with over oxidized poly pyrrole. This composite electrode (PPyox/Au-Cu/GCE) was successfully applied for the detection of environmental toxin anthracene (with lowest concentration, 0.15 μM). The effect of alloy nanoparticles was tested on seed germination frequency, antioxidant activity and biochemical characterization of medicinally important plants, Silybum marianum and Eruca sativa. Chemical composition of alloy nanoparticles, size and shape matters for nanoparticles to exert effect on plants. Phytotoxicity study of nanoparticles showed that bimetallic alloy nanoparticles are more stress inducing factor in plants acting as external factor that disturb the internal mechanisms of plant seeds. In response to the induced stresses, plants release secondary metabolites (protein content, flavonoids and phenolic contents), antioxidants and some important enzymes like super oxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) by their defensive mechanisms. The secondary metabolites produced in response to stress induced by bimetallic nanoparticles were also evaluated and it was found that nanoparticles of small size and high toxicity produce more secondary metabolites. Such secondary metabolites produced in medicinal plants have a great potential in treating the human ailments.