المرتضی ہائوس لاڑکانہ میں آخری تصویر
ذوالفقار علی بھٹو کی اپنے گھر المرتضی ہائوس لاڑکانہ میں آخری تصویرجو 17ستمبر1977کی رات گرفتاری سے چند لمحے قبل وہ اپنے بیٹے مرتضی بھٹو اور دوست طفیل شیخ کو ہدایات دے رہے ہیں جبکہ باہر آرمی گھر کا محاصرہ کر چکی تھی اس کے بعد بھٹو صاحب زندہ اپنے گھر کبھی نہیں لوٹے ۔
شہید ذوالفقار علی بھٹو کے یہ خوبصورت بچے بہت ہی بے دردی کے ساتھ شہید کیے گئے وجہ صرف یہ تھی کہ ان کے باپ نے غریب کو ان کا حق دیا ،ایٹمی پروگرام شروع کیا اور اس طرح سینکڑوں کام اور بھی تھے جو سرمایہ داروں اور اسٹیبلشمنٹ کو منظور نہیں تھے ۔
Amongst other miracles of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), ISRAA and MAIRAAJ are one of the well-known miracles that have been discussed a lot in Sirat-ul-Nabi. This article, therefore, has brought under discussion the occur-rence of this miracle in the light of Qura’n and Ahadith in details. Furthermore, it has also been discussed whether the occurrence of this miracle was physical or spiritual in its nature. The concept of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan regarding this miracle has also been discussed; where he support his arguments with reference to some Ahadith, that the entire situation concerning the miracles was merely a dream and this miracle did not take place in physical form. According to him, this is against the law of nature. In this article the explicit concepts of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan have been rejected with the arguments given by the Majority of the Scholars and Muslim thinkers.
Field application of dairy manure is supposed to alter rates of nitrogen mineralization in to nitrate nitrogen in soils but quantitative information regarding its rate of release under deficit irrigation is difficult to assess under filed conditions. To address this issue of great concern field and laboratory studies were conducted to assess its rate of release under field conditions and in lysimeter under controlled conditions. Incubation study was performed to assess nitrogen mineralization into nitrate and ammonium form under different levels of moisture (50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% of FC). A lysimeter trial was conducted using optimized levels of deficit irrigation (I0.6 and I0.8) and full irrigation (I1.0) along with four levels of dairy manure (10, 15, 20 and 25 Mg ha-1) to assess best combinations of manure and deficit irrigation. Solution samplers already installed at 30, 60, 90 and 120 cm depths in lysimeter were used for leachate collection. Two year field study was conducted using best combinations of deficit irrigation and dairy manure (I0.6DM20, I0.6DM25, I0.8DM20, I0.8DM25) along with three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1). Soil sampling was done before sowing and after crop harvest for the analysis of mineralized nitrogen (NO3 and NH4), soil chemical and biological indicators like soil organic carbon, pH, total N, available P and K. Soil physical health indicators viz. bulk density (BD), total soil porosity (TSP), infiltration rate (IR), soil strength (SS) and hydraulic conductivity (HC) were determined. Manure application at 25 Mg ha-1 increased the yield of wheat by 35% under lysimeter. Manure showed additional advantage on soil health indicators, i.e. higher SOC contents, IR, HC and TSP and decreased BD and SS. Application of dairy manure at the rate of 25 Mg ha-1 under deficit irrigation (I0.8) resulted in grain yield equivalent to that under 100% FC and improved soil physical health. Application of high rates of dairy manure resulted in more nitrate leaching at 120 cm under full irrigation, while under deficit irrigation leaching occurred above critical limit only up to 60 cm soil depth. Results concluded that deficit irrigation level I0.8 has shown best results with DM25 and N120 on wheat crop yield and soil health indicators with minimum nitrate nitrogen leaching losses.