اعجاز صدیقی مرحوم
( سید شہاب الدین دسنوی)
مولانا سیماب اکبر آبادی کے فرزند اور رسالہ ’’شاعر‘‘ کے مدیر، اعجاز صدیقی پر ۹؍ فروری ۱۹۷۸ء کو دل کا دورہ پڑا اور وہ اسی روز اپنے مالک حقیقی سے جاملے۔
ایک عرصہ سے مختلف امراض کی وجہ سے اعجاز صاحب کی صحت خراب ہوچکی تھی، کئی بار اسپتال میں داخل کئے گئے، اچھے اچھے ڈاکٹروں نے بڑی توجہ اور شفقت سے علاج کیا، مگر بقول شاعر:
الٹی ہوگئیں سب تدبیریں کچھ نہ دوا نے کام کیا
دیکھا ، اس بیماری دل نے آخر کام تمام کیا
اعجاز صدیقی فروری ۱۹۵۱ء میں اپنے وطن آگرہ سے بمبئی آئے اور یہیں انھوں نے مستقل سکونت اختیار کرلی، ان کا رسالہ ’’شاعر‘‘ (ماہنامہ) جو پہلے آگرے سے نکلتا تھا، اسی سال سے بمبئی سے شائع ہونے لگا، وہ اس کے معیار کو بلند رکھنے میں انتھک، کوشش کرتے تھے، اردو سے پر خلوص محبت اور اپنے قارئین کو صاف ستھرا ادب پیش کرنے کی کوشش، ان کی زندگی کے دو ایسے نمایاں پہلو تھے کہ جن کی وجہ سے اردو کے اچھے اور اہم لکھنے والوں اور شعراء کا انھیں غیر معمولی تعاون حاصل ہوتا رہا، جس کے سہارے وہ ’’شاعر‘‘ کے بڑے ضخیم خصوصی نمبر نکال سکے، ان میں کرشن چند نمبر، ناولٹ نمبر، افسانہ اور ڈرامہ نمبر اور آخری میں ہم عصر اردو ادب نمبر ہماری زبان و ادب میں قابل قدر اضافہ ہیں، حقیقت یہ ہے کہ مسلسل علالت گرتی ہوئی صحت اور محدود مسائل کے ساتھ ایسے ضخیم اور اچھے نمبر شائع کرنا، بڑی جرأت کا کام تھا، بلاشبہ اعجاز صاحب غیر معمولی قوت ارادی کے حامل تھے۔
اعجاز صدیقی، ذاتی طور پر مشرقی تہذیب اور قدروں کے علمبردار اور رکھ رکھاؤ کے آدمی تھے، انھوں نے لوگوں کے ساتھ اپنے تعلقات اور دوستانہ رسم سالہا سال...
It goes without saying that peace has been a hot issue in the past; it is, still, a vital topic of discussion today, and it seems to continue to draw the attention of people in the future. We witness wars and destructions in several parts of the world. This has led to killings of millions of people, left innumerable number of families broken and displaced millions of people. We need to address it earnestly. The author of this dissertation has specified this topic with reference to the Holy Qur’ān, because being the book of Allāh Almighty, it means to us as the final constitution, the ultimate torchlight for our guidance, and a great blessing to the whole world. Peace means to be free from the calamities in this world and in the hereafter. Usually, peace is used to imply an opposition to war and violence between the nations. Peace is a virtue and it means absence of evil, and, therefore, it is always praiseworthy. The author of this paper deals with this topic by dividing it into six sections. These are, ‘The Peace’ as one of the divine names of Allāh Almighty; Peace equals good; Peace is praiseworthy; Peace in the sense of conciliation and security; Peace in the sense of customary Islamic salutation; and Refutation of the objection that Islām was spread by sword.
Cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulation in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the Cd translocation into grains have become a vital global environmental constraint for food security. Cadmium shows higher risk than other heavy metals owing to its toxic effects on plants, animals, and humans. Thus, the present research work was conducted to evaluate the Cd bio-availability, bioaccumulation and toxicity to the plants grown in aged contaminated soil amended with various levels of biochar (BC) either applied alone or under the salt and drought stress. For the achievement of these goals sequential pot experimental studies were carried out in the seasons of wheat and rice cropping system in Cd-contaminated soil under ambient conditions amended with different levels of BC (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 5% w/w) produced from rice straw. First, wheat was sown in the BC-amended soil and divided into three parts such as only BC applied in Cd-contaminated soil, BC applied in the same soil under salt stress (0 mM, 25 mM and 50 mM), and BC under drought stress; well-watered control (70% of soil water holding capacity, WHC), mild drought (MD, 50% of WHC), and severe drought (SD, 35% of soil WHC). Plants were harvested at physiological maturity (130 days of germination). Result showed that BC supply increased the growth, photosynthesis, dry weights, mineral nutrients as well as antioxidant enzymes whereas reduced the oxidative stress and Cd concentrations in different parts of wheat. The BC supply reduced bioavailable Cd in the soil whereas increased EC and pH of the soil than control treatment. However, higher rate of BC (5.0%) was not affective under higher salt stress (50 mM NaCl) where reduction in plant growth and photosynthesis was observed. Second, rice was sown in the same soil without further amendment of BC and salt whereas drought stress was applied to 35-d-old plants as follows; well-watered control (1-2 cm water layer on soil), MD, 50% of WHC), and SD, 35% of soil WHC) for an additional 35 days. All plants were harvested after 70 days of growth and analyzed for various physiological and biochemical parameters. Biochar supply increased plant height, biomass and photosynthesis whereas reduced oxidative stress and Cd contents in plants which confirmed the residual effects of BC in enhancing plant growth and reducing Cd uptake by plants. Continuous flooding plus BC application was the most effective in reducing Cd concentration in rice than MD and SD. However, plant growth and photosynthesis were reduced with BC amendments under 50 mM salt stress. The BC application reduced the bioavailable Cd in the soil whereas increased soil pH than control. It can be concluded that BC amendment can be used to reduce Cd contents in plants and also had a significant residual effect on decreasing Cd uptake in latter crop. However, BC levels should be carefully applied in the soils having higher salinity.