فتوی کا اسلامی منہج: مجموع فتاوی ابن تیمیہ کے تناظر میں

Im฀m Ibn Taymiyyah is a well-known scholar of Muslims. He was an ocean of knowledge and wisdom. His books prove his excellence He was born in 661 Hijrah in Harr฀n (Syria). He learned every kind of knowledge especially religious knowledge i. E knowledge of Qur’฀n, Tafs฀r, Had฀th, Fiqh, Jurisprudence, philosophy, inheritance law, mathematics, grammar, literature, and poetry etc. He wrote hundreds of books about the above mentioned fields. He was permitted to give Fatw฀ (verdict) in his early age. He was successful in achieving the position of Ijtih฀d (authoritative interpretation of Islamic Law). Ibn Taymiyyah Studied the Profound Books of religions and sects. Then he analyzed the works in the light of senior Imams and Qur฀n and Sunnah. He is an extra ordinary person in his knowledge and writings. In brief we can say the fatw฀s of Imam Ibn Taymiyyah have printed in thirty seven volumes. His first ratiocination in Fatwa is from the Holy Qur฀n. He presents the arguments from the Hadith and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (S. A. W). He considered Ijm฀ ‘ (consensus of Muslim opinion) as a proof of Shar฀‘ah. He presents the point of view of various schools of thought, He trusted in the books of ancient scholars. He also answers the anticipating ambiguity and complication. A few of his fatwas begin with all praise to Allah. His fatw฀s are concordant with the life of the Muslims. In this article a deep study of fatwa of Ibn Taymiyyah has been taken as a guideline for fatwa in Islamic methodology.

Studying the Role of Seed Size and Seed Priming on Wheat Productivity in Conservation Tillage With Different Row Spacing

Wheat crop is cultivated in multifaceted cropping system. Maximum wheat crop is being cultivated in rice-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping systems. In both cropping systems, prolonged maturity and poor residue management delays wheat sowing. Late plantation affected significant yield potential every year. No-tillage cultivation practice is the appropriate approach to meet the delayed sowing yield gap. Keeping in view, the study was planned with two experiments to evaluate the productivity and profitability of wheat crop planted under no-tillage conditions and different row spacings. In first experiment, the role of seed priming and seed size on wheat productivity in conservation tillage was evaluated. Seed of different sizes (viz. bold, medium and small) treated with hydropriming, osmopriming and unprimed seed (untreated seed) were sown under no-tillage and conventional tillage. The observations were made on stand establishment, morphological, allometric and yield related traits. Primed seed improved stand establishment traits with both tillage systems specifically bold primed seed performed significantly in no-tillage system both years. Similarly, primed seed crop significantly improved all morphological and yield related traits of wheat. While bold osmoprimed seed significantly influenced on all yield related traits, productive tiller, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield during both the growing seasons. In second experiment, graded seed sizes (viz. bold, medium and small) treated with hydropriming and osmopriming and no-priming (untreated seed) were sown in 22.5 cm and 30 cm spaced rows apart. Observations on stand establishment, morphological and yield related traits were recorded following standard procedures. There was no significant influence of row spacing for stand establishment traits during both the years. However, seed size was significantly affected all stand establishment. Similarly, seed priming treatments also significantly improved germination in both year of study. Row spacing at 22.5 cm apart improved plant height, spike length was recorded during both year of study. However spikelet per spike was recoded non-significant under all row spacing of wheat. All morphological traits were significantly affected by seed sizes. There was no influence of row spacing on productive tillers per sq meter, number of grain and grain yield during both year of study. However, influence of row spacing was found statistically significant on 1000 grain weight and biological yield. Bold osmoprimed seed perform better in 22.5 cm apart rows compared to 30 cm spaced planted crop. While primed seed significantly improved productive tiller, 1000 grain weight biological yields and grain yield in both row spacings.