عیسائیت پر لکھی گئی منتخب اردو کتب کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Christianity is the religion from the Hazrat Essa (A.S) the Holy Prophet of Allah. Christians believe that Christianity is a perfect religion and this religion save them from hell, and this religion is revealed from Allah. Christian knows that their ideology based upon Hazrat Essa (A.S) and they relate themselves towards Hazrat Essa (A.S). Different books in different languages have written on the Christianity like English, Arabic, Persian and other languages there are many books written on Christianity in Pakistani national language Urdu and the books written in many languages have translated in Urdu. The analysis put forward on Christianity in Urdu written books, one thing is clear that which author writes a good, topic on Christianity and on the other hand by studying Christianity students and readers feel easy and will understand about these books easily and search the relevant material easily. This article shows the analytical study of books written on Christianity in Urdu and translation from other languages nominated Urdu books.

Synthesis and Characterization of Some Multiferroic Materials

Two batches of polycrystalline materials; La1-xKxFeO3 and LaFe1-xCrxO3 were prepared by co-precipitation and sol-gel methods respectively while third batch Bi0.8La0.15Ho0.05Fe1-xMnxO3 (BLHFMO) was synthesized by solid state reaction method. The structural studies have been carried out by employing X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties have also been investigated by employing relevant techniques. In recent years search for magnetoelectric multiferroic compounds has remained a subject of significant interest because they can be triggered by electric and magnetic ferroic orders simultaneously. Recently after identification of multiferroicity in LaFeO3 (LFO), now it is much focused to improve said properties in the compound. Similarly BiFeO3 (BFO) is another compound of tremendous interest for researchers for its multiferroic properties above room temperature. So an effort has been made to improve the multiferroic properties of LFO, BFO and related compounds. In LFO, substituting Cr3+ for Fe improves its magnetic response while dielectric studies above room temperature verified magnetic phase transition. Transitions temperature was found to be decreasing with increasing Cr contents. DC electrical resistivity was also found to be strongly Cr contents dependant; estimation of activation energy suggested P-type semiconducting behaviour of the compound. Similarly hole doping at La site by replacing it by K1+ increased the magnetic property, further P-E loops reflects weak ferroelectric nature of the material. For BLHFMO, with increase in Mn3+ concentration structural transition from rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase was detected from XRD results. Further high values of dielectric constant in the vicinity of Neel temperature are related to the magnetic phase transition. Maximum magnetic response was observed for 10 % manganese concentration.