لیاقت علی خان
محرم کا مہینہ ہر سال مسلمانوں کے لئے پیام غم بھی لاتا ہے، اور حیات نو کی بشارت بھی، اس سال ایک نیا کوہِ الم اپنے ساتھ لایا، اور اسی مہینہ کی ۱۴؍ تاریخ کو کسی شقی نے لیاقت علی خان وزیراعظم پاکستان کی شمع حیات گل کردی ان کی شہادت تنہا پاکستان کا نہیں دنیائے اسلام کا نہایت درد انگیز سانحہ ہے۔ بدبخت قاتل نے ایک شخص کو نہیں مارا، بلکہ ملک و ملت کے ایک مضبوط ستون کو ڈھا کر اس کی پوری عمارت کو کمزور کرنے کی کوشش کی، اور ایک پوری قوم کو ماتم گسار بنادیا۔
لیاقت علی خان کی موت نے پاکستان کو ایک ایسے مدبر اور معمار قوم سے محروم کردیا، جس کا بدل بظاہر مدتوں ملنے کی امید نہیں، وہ غیر معمولی صلاحیتوں کے مالک بڑے مدبر، ہوشمند، یورپ کی سیاست اور بین الاقوامی سیاست کے ماہر اور ٹھنڈے دل و دماغ کے انسان تھے، قائداعظم کی وفات کے بعد انھوں نے جس کامیابی کے ساتھ پاکستان کو چلایا اور چند برسوں کے اندر اس نئی مملکت کو جس درجہ پر پہنچایا وہ ان کا بڑا کارنامہ اور ان کے تدبر اور ہوشمندی کا ایسا نمایاں ثبوت ہے جس کا اعتراف ساری دنیا نے کیا، اس لحاظ سے وہ معمارِ پاکستان تھے، ان کی شہادت نے ان کا درجہ اور بلند کردیا یہ سعادت عظمیٰ ہر شخص کا حصہ نہیں۔
ہر مدعی کے واسطے دار و رسن کہاں
انھوں نے اندرونی طور سے پاکستان کو مضبوط و مستحکم بنایا، بیرونی دنیا سے تعلقات پیدا کرکے اس کی خوشی منوائی، دنیائے اسلام سے ٹوٹے ہوئے رشتہ کو جوڑا اور ان کو ایک سلسلہ میں منسلک کرنے کی کوشش کی ہندوستان اور پاکستان کے تعلقات میں جب کوئی نازک موڑ آیا، تو اپنے اعتدال، توازن اور سلامت...
Child labor has been considered the most troubling & one of the greatest problems of great concern in the modern world, since it has not only negative effects on the child himself, but also on his family & society in general. However, it is a reality that can commonly & frequently be observed in the emerging & backward nations now a day where expropriated & evicted people take their young ones to workplaces to compete with their livelihoods. This article seeks to highlight the status of child labor & its solution in the light of Qur᾽an & Sunnah as many experts and platforms have offered their own solution. The study population consisted of scholars &the teachers/A᾽ema Kerām of religious institutions (Madrasah) of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Bannu, while its sample included 30 scholars & teachers/A᾽ema of different Madrasah in the Bannu District. The researcher has adopted content & methodologies of the interview from the respondents to explore this issue in detail. This study has the sole objective of: to find out solution of the Child Labour in the light of Holy Qur᾽an & Sunnah. This article summarizes the conclusion that holy religion of Muslims(Islam) strictly prohibit child labour, although allows child labour in some special cases, such as light work & character building activities which is
The concept of democracy is a set of contestable yet elastic notions about human interaction in a diverse and ever changing socio-political set up. Like many other socio-political concepts democracy has also been used ambiguously by political as well as non-political elements to serve their own vested interest. However, there is a general agreement that the democratic practices of deliberation and participation by the people can be strengthened through education. In this study, I focus on the school as an institution that has been used as an instrument to promote certain ideologies and forms of regimes ranging from democratic ideals and participatory norms to orthodox military and religious ethos. The basic purpose of this study is a critical examination of teachers' conceptualisation of democracy and its enactment in secondary schools in the context of Pakistan. In other words the study attempts to unpack and explain the teachers' theoretical and practical positioning' about democracy and how such positioning is mediated by curriculum directions and pedagogical trends in government and private sector schools. The study involved a multi-method design of data collection and analysis, starting with a survey method and then to deepening understanding by using critical ethnographic methods. For the purpose of the survey a questionnaire was developed using a 5-point-Likert scale ranging from 'strongly disagree' through 'neutral' to 'strongly-agree' along with five open-ended questions. The survey study spread over a period of two months covering 80 secondary schools from government and private sector in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. The overall response rate was 80% as 320 teachers out of targeted 400 completed the questionnaire. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to extract 'factors', which were interpreted by computing factor loadings, mean score, and standard deviation values. In addition, responses to the open ended questions were analysed using frequency distribution and percentage scores to identify major trends. During the second phase of the study, critical ethnographic methods of semi-structured interviewing, observations, and document analysis were applied to generate data with the participation of four teachers from selected government and private sector schools. The study was completed in three stages; first compiling the primary records for preliminary reconstructive analysis and second a dialogical data generation and reconstruction of theories. At a third stage, results obtained from the survey and the ethnographic interviews and observation were synthesised to elicit findings and conclusions. The study demonstrates that the teachers' conceptualisation of democracy