بنات النبی اثبات بنات اربعہ
اعتراض نمبر۱۶۸
شیعہ آپؐ کی ایک بیٹی تسلیم کرتے ہیں اور باقی گرو ہ چار بیٹیاں مانتے ہیں۔
جواب: حضرت سیدنا ابن عباس سے روایت ہے کہ آپؐ کے پہلے فرزند اعلان نبوت سے پہلے مکہ میں پیدا ہوئے۔ وہ قاسم تھے اور آپ کی کنیت ابو القاسم انھیں سے تھی۔ پھر جو اولاد ہوئی وہ سیدہ زینب، سیدہ رقیہ، سیدہ فاطمہ اور سیدہ ام کلثوم تھیں پھر جو اسلام میں (اعلان نبوت کے بعد) پیدا ہوئے وہ حضرت عبد اللہؓ تھے جن کا نام طیب و طاہر رکھا گیا۔۔( اثبات بنات اربعہ ص ۲۷)
ابن اسحاق نے کہا کہ نبی کریم کی تمام اولاد پاک سیدہ خدیجہ ؓ کے بطن اقدس سے ہے سوائے حضرت ابراھیم ؓ کے (حضور کے ایک صاحب زادے جو ماریہ قبطیہ سے تھے)۔ حضرت قاسم آپ کے صاحب زادے تھے جن سے آپ کی کنیت (ابو القاسم) تھی اور طیب و طاہر اور سیدہ زینب ، رقیہ، ام کلثوم اور فاطمہ۔(حوالہ بالا)
سورہ کوثر کی شان نزول میں اکثر مفسرین نے آنحضرت ؐ کی چار شہزادیاں تحریر کی ہیں جن میں شیعہ کتب کے حوالہ جات بھی دیے ہیں۔
اما م قسطلانی فرماتے ہیں کہ’’ تم جان لو کہ نبی مکرم کی جملہ اولاد جن پر علماء کا اتفاق ہے ان میں سے چھ ہیں۔ان میں سب سے پہلے حضرت عبداللہ و حضرت قاسم اور آخر حضرت ابراھیم اور آپ ؐ کی چار صاحب زادیاں ہیں جن میں بڑی زینبؓ ہیں اور حضرت رقیہؓ اور حضرت ام کلثومؓ اور حضرت فاطمہؓ ان سے اصغر ہیں ‘ یہ صحیح قول ہے اور چاروں صاحب زادیوں نے اسلام کا زمانہ پایا ہے اور آپؐ کے ساتھ ہجرت مدینہ کی ہے۔
امام یوسف بن اسماعیل نبھانی فرماتے ہیں کہ آپؐ کی چار صاحب زادیاں تھیں۔(۱) حضرت زینبؓ (۲) حضرت...
This study was undertaken to (i) identify the relationship among personality traits, self-esteem and desire for fame and (ii) to explore the relationship of personality traits and self-esteem in prediction of desire for fame in TikTok makers. The sample was recruited through the snowball technique and consisted of 200 TikTok makers of Pakistan. The following internationally standardized scales were used: The Big Five Inventory, The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (1965) and The Desire for Fame Scale. A significant positive correlation was found between (1) openness, (2) extroversion, (3) agreeableness, (4) conscientiousness, (5) self-esteem and (6) desire for fame. Additionally, neuroticism correlated negatively with the six mentioned variables; and self-esteem significantly predicted desire for fame. Females scored higher in extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and self-esteem; whereas males scored higher in neuroticism. Also, higher levels of self-esteem and desire for fame were found in those who had increased frequency of making TikTok videos and those who belonged to big cities. In conclusion, personality traits, self-esteem and desire for fame significantly correlate with each other in TikTok makers. Researchers, social media activists, students, psychologists, and counselors can benefit from the findings of study.
Studies were carried out to evaluate the seasonal incidence of population of Helicoverpa armigera, Chrysoperla carnea and parasitism of H. armigera by Habrobracon hebetor in three districts, i.e. Faisalabad, Multan and Rahim Yaar Khan, temperature dependent biological parameters, drought influence on H. armigera along its natural enemies [C. carnea (Stephens) and H. hebetor (Say)] and development of IPM module against H. armigera in cotton agro-ecosystem. The maximum population of adults and larvae of H. armigera recorded during the month of August was 4.10 per trap and 0.52 per plant, respectively. The lowest population was recorded in October, with values of 0.87 adults per trap and 0.12 larvae per plant. Population of C. carnea was highest (0.90 per plant) in September and the lowest number (0.21 per plant) was recorded in July. Similarly, parasitism rates were highest (33.7%) and lowest (04.87%) in September and July, respectively. Adults and larvae of H. armigera were highest in R.Y. Khan i.e. 3.48 and 0.44 per plant, respectively. In contrast, C. carnea population was highest (0.72 per plant) in Faisalabad which was followed by Multan (0.55 per plant) and R.Y. Khan (0.38 per plant). Parasitism was also high in the district Faisalabad (13.39%) followed by Multan (6.36%) and R. Y. Khan (6.23%). Adults and larvae were positively correlated with temperature and r values were calculated at 0.5818 and 0.5240, respectively. Population of C. carnea was negatively correlated with temperature with an r value of -0.5546. Similarly, the parasitism of H. armigera by H. hebetor was negatively correlated with temperature (r= -0.5768). Higher temperatures decreased the duration of development and also decreased the reproductive capacity of H. armigera, C. carnea and H. hebetor. Degree days for developmental period for H. armigera, C. carnea and H. hebetor were 250, 166.67 and 71.43, respectively. The drought caused significant detrimental effects on population of H. armigera and parasitism by H. hebetor. In contrast, C. carnea population was not significantly (F= 2.01, DF= 4 and P>0.05) affected by drought. The maximum yield was recorded 1639.52 kg/ha (16.0 kg/plot) in T15 [T1 (spray of Spinosad) + T2 (spray of neem seed kernel extract) + T3 (release of C. carnea) + T4 (release of H. hebetor)] which was followed by T12 [T1 (spray of Spinosad) + T2 (spray of neem seed kernel extract) + T4 (releases of H. hebetor)] and T13 [T1 (spray of Spinosad) + T3 (release of C. carnea) + T4 (release of H. hebeor)] with values of 1475.568 and 1332.11 kg/ha, respectively. T1 (spray of Spinosad), T5 [(spray of Spinosad) + (spray of neem seed kernel extract)] and T15 proved the most economical pest management modules exhibiting CBR 1:6 followed by T7 [(sprays of Spinosad) + (releases of H. hebetor)] and T12 [(spray of Spinosad) + (spray of neem seed kernel extract) + (releases of H. hebetor)] which explained a CBR of 1:5.5 approximately.