مولوی عبدالغنی صاحب وارثی عظیم آبادی
اس مہینہ ہماری قوم کے ایک اور فاضل نے داغِ مفارقت دیا، یعنی جناب مولوی عبدالغنی صاحب وارثی عظیم آبادی نے وہ مضافات بہار میں سے استہاداں نام ایک مردم خیز قصبہ میں پیدا ہوئے تھے، عربی کے فاضل انگریزی کے عالم تھے، عربی کی تعلیم آرہ کے مدرسہ میں پائی تھی۔ اس وقت انگریزی کا نیانیا دور تھا، انہوں نے عربی کتابیں ختم کرکے اس وقت علی گڑھ کے مدرستہ العلوم میں انگریزی پڑھی، جب کہ وہ ایک اسکول کا جھوپڑا تھا، انگریزی تعلیم کے بعد انہوں نے بانکی پور میں اخبار نویسی کی زندگی اختیار کی، پھر حیدرآباد گئے، اور مترجمی کے عہدے پر ممتاز ہوئے اور آخر رفتہ رفتہ اسسٹنٹ جنرل سرکار حیدرآباد ہوئے۔ حیدرآباد میں اس بزم کے ممبر تھے جس کے صدر نشین علامہ شبلی، مولوی عبدالحلیم شرر اور مولوی عزیز مرزا مرحوم تھے، چند مہینہ ہوئے کہ پنشن پاکر خانہ نشین ہوئے تھے کہ وفعتہ ۱۰، جون ۱۹۱۸ء کی شب کو درد سینہ سے وفات ہوئی۔
مرحوم کو اخلاق و تصوف سے فطری ذوق تھا، اسی لئے ان کی تصنیفات زیادہ تر اسی موضوع پر ہیں، بوذاسف و بلوہر جو اصل میں ایک ہندی قصہ اور بودھ کی زندگی اور تعلیم کا خلاصہ ہے۔ مسلمانوں کے عہد عروج میں اس کا عربی میں ترجمہ ہوا تھا، پھر کلیلہ و منہہ کی طرح وہ عربی سے دنیا کی اکثر زبانوں میں منتقل ہوا۔ مولوی صاحب مرحوم عربی سے اردو کا نہایت عمدہ ترجمہ کرکے ہندوستان کی کھوئی ہوئی دولت کو پھر ہندوستان واپس لائے، یہ قصہ اس قدر پر اثر اور ہندی تمثیلات سے اس قدر مملو ہے کہ شبہ ہوتا ہے کہ کیا موجودہ انجیل اسی سے ماخوذ ہے، عربی میں اخلاق کی ایک اور...
The paper sets out to discuss impact of socio-cultural barriers on social empowerment of rural women in term of decision making related to their personal as well as social life in Sahiwal division. Pakistan is a patriarchal society characterized by patri-local residence and exclusion of women from the right of inheritance and succession, which pave ways for male-headed society. In addition, socio-cultural factors strongly favour male-dominance and an inferior status of females in all walks of life. A quantitative approach was adopted for carrying out current study. A survey instrument was designed and employed for data collection from 384 respondents from rural areas of Sahiwal division. The findings of the study revealed that less than one third (31.25%) of the respondents were consulted in decision-making about domestic matters. Likewise, more than half (51.8%) of the respondents were not independent in moving out of home for meeting any social need. Similarly, more than one third (41.4%) of the respondents were not free to visit their friends in the neighborhood. The study concludes that women in the rural areas are less empowered and still suffering socially, economically and psychologically in their day to day life. The study provides an insight for professional social workers, policy makers and stakeholders in public and private sectors for influencing policy-making and planning for revisiting and redesigning existing policies and plans intended for empowerment of rural women in Pakistan
A Critical and Sociological study of the literary style of Abdullah ibn al-Muqaffa with Focus on his Literary School: Natural expression. Due to scarcity of sufficient references and material on the subject of my thesis, I was obliged to follow methods of induction and survey of literature or obtaining and extracting necessary material and data. My research is ristricted to the following points. 1- Life of Abdullah Ibn Muqaffa with focus on his early environment and schooling under the care of his Magian parents and then his journey to Baghdad to enhance his exposure to a broader and deeper know-how of Arabic/Islamic Sciences and literature and then his literary and political life plus his reformative movement having led to his untimely death. All this followed by a critical discussion of his literary works and then critical evaluation of his thoughts and political wisdom with special focus on his theoretical philosophy and practical wisdom as extracted from his writings along with description of the salient features and traits whereby his literary works and thoughts are distinguished from his contemporaries and his predecessors all this followed by critical evaluation of different writers and critics' opinions/views about his life, writings and thoughts taking a different stand and at the same time synthesising different views in this connection. During working on my dissertation I followed methods of: 1- Induction 2- Survey of literature 3- Acquaintance and Description 4- Historical criticism All these are based on colligation of data and facts with observation of precision, penetration, necessary briefness and avoiding unnecessary and redundant details.