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GSM based speed alert and challan system

Thesis Info

Author

Syed Adnan Aziz

Supervisor

Tariq Saleem

Department

Department of Electronic Engineering

Program

BS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

56

Subject

Electronic Engineering

Language

English

Other

BS 621.381 AZG

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-24 20:56:14

ARI ID

1676722108432

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۔ خاندان مراتب اور ادب

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                سیّد مراتب علی اختر کے اجداد سے لے کر اب تک گیلانی سادات ادب کے پودے کی آبیاری میں مصروف ہیں۔ یوں تو تصوف اور ادب کا چولی دامن کا ساتھ ہے اس لئے اہل تصوف کا ادب شناس اور صاحب ذوق ہونا لازمی امر ہے مگر اس خاندان کی ہستیاں جنھوں نے خود شعر کہے ان کا ذکر کچھ یوں ہے۔

حضرت شیخ غوث محمد اُچی

                آپ سادات شیخو کے جدّامجد ہیں آپ صاحبِ دیوان شاعر تھے اور آپ کا دیوان ’’دیوانِ قادری‘‘ کے نام سے موجود ہے۔(۱)پروفیسر ڈاکٹر محمد جمیل قلندر اس پر تحقیق کر رہے ہیں۔آپ مشاہیر و اکابرسادات حسنی ہیں حضرت غوث ِاعظمؒ سے نسبت آبائی ہے۔ صاحبِ عظمت و کرامت، واقفِ منقول ومعقول تھے۔ عبادت و ریاضت اور زہدوورعمیں یکتائے روزگار تھے۔

سیّد اصغر علی گیلانی صاحبِ شجرۃ الانوار رقم طراز ہیں کہ سیّد محمد کے بزرگوں میں سے اوّل سید ابوالعباس بن سید صفی الدین سیدعبدالقادر جیلانیؒ اپنے چھوٹے بھائی سید ابو سلیمان کے ساتھ 656ہجری میں ہلاکو خاں تاتاری کے حملہ بغداد اور قتل و غارت کے وقت بغداد سے نکل کر روم آگئے۔ پھر جب کچھ امن و امان ہوا تو حلب میں آکر اقامت گزین ہوگئے۔ سید محمد غوث یہیں پیدا ہوئے۔ تعلیم و تربیت اپنے والد سے حاصل کی۔ عنفوان شباب میں پدر بزرگوار کی اجازت سے مختلف ممالک اسلامیہ کی سیر و سیاحت کو نکلے ، حرمین الشریفین کی حج و زیارت سے مشرف ہوئے۔ عراق، عرب، ایران، خراسان، ترکستان اور سندھ و ہند کی طویل سیاحت کی۔ یہاں کے اکابر علماء وفضلا اور مشائخ و صوفیا سے ملاقاتیں کیں۔ لاہور بھی تشریف لائے۔چندے یہاں قیام کیا پھر ناگور چلے گئے۔ یہاں ایک مسجد تعمیر کی۔...

کارڈز میں بیعِ صرف کی شرعی وفقہی حیثیت اور اس کی عملی تطبیق

Digital Cards in banking and non banking sector have been widely used and legally accepted in the world today.  They are not only safe and secure for business transactions but also easy to use. This new phenomena has raised many questions for Muslim jurists and Islamic legal scholars as whether or not their transactions are sharīʿah compliant. This paper attempts to study this new phenomenon and analyze the juristic literature in order to explain the Islamic legal status of the utilization of these cards.

Adaptive Component for Salinity Tolerance in Cyperus Laevigatus L. Populations from Diverse Salt-Affected Habitats

Salinity is a serious concern for agriculture worldwide and it is increasing continuously. Drought-affected lands are severely affected by salinity, and crops production is drastically reduced. Soils of over 100 countries of America, Africa, Australia and Asia are facing serious salinity problem, mainly due to anthropogenic activities like irrigation. Now, salinity has also become a menance for agriculture in Pakistan because it is limiting the production of crops and affecting the country’s economy from nineteenth century. In Pakistan, approximately 6.67 million hactare area is facing the problem of salinity. In Pakistan, salinization is due to natural environmental conditions like ecological fluctuations, inefficient irrigation, high evapo-tanspiration, flooding, usage of low-quality water for irrigation and its poor drainage. This study was conducted to evaluate adaptive components of salt tolerance in Cyperus laevigatus L., which is a hydro-halophytic plant. Six populations of Cyperus laevigatus were collected from Sahianwala, Sargodha, Sangla Hill, Kalar Kahar, Pakka Anna and Domeli and their degree of salinity was assessed by examining their morpho-anatomical and physiological attributes. Cyperus laevigatus populations can be rated as Domeli ˂ Sargodha ˂ Kalar Kahar ˂ Sangla Hill ˂ Sahianwala ˂ Pakka Anna from least tolerant to the most tolerant, based on overall growth and biomass production under high salinities. The most tolerant population from the Pakka Anna relied on increased or maintained photosynthetic rate, high water use efficiency, restriction in Na+ uptake of in root and shoots, high uptake of shoot and root Ca2+ and K+, in addition to high accumulation of organic osmolytes, hence making this population more suitable for salt-affected areas. Structural adaptations like increased root area, thick root endodermal layer and large root metaxylem vessels, large stem area, broad metaxylem vessels, intensive sclerification in stem and leaf, increase in vascular bundle area and large cortical cells in stem, bract and leaves and decreased stomatal area and density all contributed significantly towards its high degree of salinity tolerance. Cyperus laevigatus can easily survive up to 600 mM salt, and differently adapted populations showed differential response towards salt stress tolerance and adopt different mechanisms based on morpho-physiology and anatomy. Therefore, this species can be effectively used to re-vegetate salt-affected areas, as well as for phytoremediation of salt affected lands.