جس معاشرے میں رشوت ستانی اور ناجائز سفارش کا بازار گرم ہو ، اس معاشرے میں قوانین پر عمل کرنا بہت دشورار ہوجاتا ہے ۔ رشوت ستانی کی بنیاد پر بڑے سیاسی وسماجی لوگوں اور ان سے وابستہ افراد پر ایف آئی آر کا اندراج بھی مشکل ہو جاتا ہے۔پاکستان کے ہر قومی ادارے میں اس وقت رشوت ستانی عام ہے اور کسی بھی ادارے کے ملازمین اس کے بغیر کام کرنا گناہ سمجھتے ہیں ۔ اسی طرح جب عام قوانین پر رشوت کی بدولت عمل درآمد مشکل ہوتو پھر قوانین حدود وقصاص کے نفاذ میں تاخیر اور رکاوٹیں توخاص طور پر ضرورپیدا ہوں گی اور کی جاتی رہیں گی۔
سامی ادیان میں جانوروں کی حلت و حرمت کےمتعلق احکامات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ Dietary rules and regulations may govern particular phases of the human life cycle and may also be associated with special events. Dietary Laws are grounded into the religious thought, and anyone expects logical clarifications for the continuation and determination of these rules in light of the respective religious tradition. The Semitic religions: orthodox Jews, Christians and Muslims have undoubtedly directed their adherents about the foodstuff “meat” with particular terms and conditions. This study attempts to define the similarities and differences between Halal and Kashrut (Kosher) in the light of their religion's commandments. The study confined to the Holy Scriptures. A comparative approach has been applied to these dietary practices. Moreover, it was found that Halal constitutes a different dietary law (Shariah) than Kashrut and vice versa. Even though similarities are found but it does not permit for the statutes to be usually supposed as reflection of each other. This analytical work will provide theoretical orientation; make reference to relevant theoretical and empirical literature for adequate clarification and comprehension where needed. To avoid pointless details, only the verse number mentioned in footnotes and extracted commands are just mentioned in the article. Qualitative research methodology has been adopted about the dietary laws about animals in Semitic Religions.
Beta vulgaris, commonly known as beetroot, has been used as a dietary ingredient since traditional times. It is consumed not only in cooked form, but in raw form too. Now adays, it is also being used as juice. Literature review has shown that Beta vulgaris (beetroot) possesses a lot of therapeutic potential and might be used as an anti-microbial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, to treat hypertension and to boost immunity. This study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological actions of different doses of lyophilized beetroot. Studies were established to generate awareness and improve our knowledge regarding the benefits of different doses of beetroot on anxiety, depression, memory and CNS disorders. Effect was further verified by determination of brain biogenic amines using HPLC. Different doses of beetroot were also evaluated for effect on pain and inflammation. Their effect on hematological parameters, liver, kidney, thyroid, lipid, electrolyte and reproductive hormones profile were also observed. We also checked the diuretic effect of both doses on rats, as well as set up the fertility model in mice. Phytochemical analysis was carried out too. Results showed positive anxiolytic and anti-depressant potential at both doses. Memory was dosedependently enhanced and both doses showed improved effects in seizure model, catatonia model and Alzheimer model. Histopathology showed there was absence of pathological findings when the rodent brain was observed. Increase in RBC’s and Hb was observed for both doses where as WBC’s were in normal range. Coagulation parameters showed positive effect for both doses too. Liver profile, kidney profile and thyroid profile showed reduction in level of enzymes and hormones when compared with control. Lipid profile also showed decrease in levels when compared with control. Hyperlipidemia model also showed positive effects for both doses. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were observed for both doses of beetroot. Electrolyte profile was in normal range for both doses. Diuretic profile was observed for both doses. The number of pups were increased dose-dependently when Beta vulgaris was given in fertility model. The pups born had no birth defects, behavioral abnormalities or growth deficiencies. Positive effects on reproductive hormones were observed for both doses. Phytochemistry revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, phenols, terpenoids and anthraquinones. Both doses of Beta vulgaris (500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg) showed positive results with mild variations. Further studies can be carried out to establish the exact molecular mechanism of action and to study the effect of lyophilized powder in clinical trials especially in Alzheimers patients.