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Effective spectrum and security management through centralized distribution centre approach in cognitive radio networks

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Awais Zafar Cheema

Supervisor

Muhammad Sher

Department

Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

59

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Other

MS 005.8 CHEE

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676722152597

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غیر مطبوعہ کتب

غیر مطبوعہ کتب

                ناطق ایک انوکھا ادیب ہے،جس کا شمار ان عصری ادب کے ادیبو ں میں ہوتاہے جنہوں نے اپنے عصری دور کو اپنے متاثر کن کام سے حیران کیا ہے،جو تہذیب اور تاریخ کی ایسی منظر کشی کرتے ہیں کہ پڑھنے والا دنگ رہ جاتا ہے۔اردو ادب میں ناطق کا کام حیرت زدہ کرنے والا ہے۔کیونکہ وہ حقیت اور کہانی کے پیچیدہ پہلوؤں کو لے کر سامنے آتا ہے۔ان کی غیر مطبوعہ کتب درج ذیل ہیں:’’کوفے کا مسافر(ناول)‘‘ناطق نے اپنے لکھنے کا آغاز شاعری سے کیا، نظم لکھنا سب سے پہلے شروع کی۔ان کی ادبی تخلیقات کا مختصراًجائزہ کچھ یوں ہے۔

سیرت طیبہ پر قسِیس زکریا بطرس کی تنقیدات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

The Critiques of Zakaria Boutros on the Noble Seerah of the Holy Prophet Muhammad: An Analytical Study Islam is not only a true divine religion but an all-embracing way of life. Prophet Muhammadﷺ is the perfect and ideal role model for the whole mankind. Hisﷺ holy life is open to all in each and every aspect. Hisﷺ noble footsteps and teachings give complete guidance in every walk of life. It has been observed that Jews and Christians’ religious scholars and Orientalist study the Quran, Hadῑth, Islamic History, Culture and Civilization, generally, to deduce negative and subjective conclusions, pretending that they are studying objectively. Father Zakaria Boutros is one such priest from the Middle East. Basically, he is an Egyptian Coptic priest and an active Evangelist. He is a controversial figure in that country for his scriptural studies of Islamic texts. For the last sixty years, he has misguided hundreds of people especially Muslims through his missionary activities and maligning campaign against Islam in the form of booklets, Television programs, Internet services such as Paltalk and personal official websites etc. He has tried to distort facts and to present Prophet Muhammadﷺ in such a way that the attraction of Islam be decreased in the eyes of non-Muslims and doubts be produced among the simple-minded Muslims. In the article under reference, some selected critiques and objections on Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) related to the birth period (pregnancy duration), lineage, sources of knowledge and accusation of worshipping the black stone, are thoroughly analyzed and responded in a scholarly way.

Thermophysical Properties of Porous Building Materials

This dissertation was aimed to investigate the thermophysical properties of commercial building materials and lab-made bio-waste added fired clay bricks for sustainable energy conservation in buildings. The commercial bricks were intentionally saturated by NaCl solutions of different molar concentrations (0-5 M) for 10 days and then freeze-dried for halite crystallization. Lab-made bricks were prepared by addition of tea-waste, sawdust, and wheat straw in different proportions into the clay. The composite clay bricks were dried and then, sintered in an electric furnace at two different temperatures (500°C and 980°C). Different building stones were taken from market whereas limestones differing in elevation range were taken from a mountain. The thermal properties of building materials were measured by Transient Plane Source (TPS) technique and ASTM standards were followed for physical characterization of the brick samples. The proximate analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDS, XRD analysis, and SEM analysis were carried out to elaborate the chemical, mineral, structural and morphological properties of the samples. Results showed that the moisture and NaCl concentration significantly increased thermophysical properties of brick samples and this adverse effect was discussed by considering thermal properties of NaCl solutions, diffusion rate and saturation period. While thermophysical and mechanical properties of bio-waste added bricks were decreased due to change in mineral composition and porosity generation by inflammable nature of bio-waste. However, compressive strength of lab-made bricks were in the acceptable range specified by Pakistan Building Code (i.e. > 5 MPa). On comparison with commercial brick, 2-4 wt.% tea waste, 2-6 wt.% sawdust and 1-2 wt.% wheat straw addition were suitable for production of thermally insulated, mechanically strong, and environmentally friendly bricks. Thermophysical analysis of building stones showed graphical relations for the assessment of thermal conductivity from the physical properties. Experimental and predicted thermal conductivity of limestones at moist and dry states showed that in situ measurement is necessary for precise determination of thermal properties. The variations in thermal properties of limestones as a function of temperature were described by considering mineral compositions and heat transfer mechanism. The overall results suggest that the spinoff of this work is a helpful resource for up to date and accurate information about thermophysical properties of building materials and new fired clay bricks products for energy savings in buildings.