ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین مرحوم
معارف کا زیادہ تر حصہ لکھا جاچکا تھا کہ ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین خاں کے انتقال پر ملال کی خبر ملی، وہ ہماری مجلسِ انتظامیہ کے بہت پرانے رکن تھے، ان کی وفات سے یہ ملک ایک شریف ترین انسان ، ایک خلیق بزرگ، ا یک اچھے دوست اور ایک بہت ہی نامورمصنف سے محروم ہوگیا، اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ ان کو کروٹ کروٹ جنت نعیم عطا کریں۔ (صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، مارچ ۱۹۷۹ء)
ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین مرحوم
گذشتہ ۲۱؍ فروری کی رات کو ریڈیو میں خبر سنی کہ ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین اﷲ کو پیارے ہوئے یہ خبر سن کر ایسا معلوم ہوا کہ کوئی شفیق بزرگ دائمی مفارقت دے گیا، رات بڑ ے کرب سے گذری۔
ان سے میرا پہلا تعارف ۱۹۳۴ء میں ہوا میں کچھ دنوں جامعہ ملیہ میں بھی رہا، قرول باغ کے جس مکان میں ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین مرحوم جامعہ ملیہ کے شیخ الجامعہ کی حیثیت سے سکونت پذیر تھے، اسی کے پاس میں ایک مکان میں مقیم تھا، ان دنوں ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین جامعہ عثمانیہ میں تاریخ کے استاد تھے، عید منانے اپنے محبوب بھائی ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے پاس آگئے تھے، ان کو پہلی دفعہ دیکھا تو سفید شیروانی میں ملبوس تھے، بہت ہی شکیل اور رعنا جو ان نظر آئے، اسی زمانہ میں ان کے بھتیجے امتیاز حسین مرحوم یعنی ان کے سب سے بڑے بھائی کے لڑکے جامعہ ملیہ سے بی۔اے کی تعلیم سے فارغ ہوئے تھے اور مزید تعلیم کے لیے یورپ جانے کی فکر میں تھے، وہ خالی اوقات میں میرے پاس آجاتے، ان سے معلوم ہوا کہ ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے گھر کی عورتیں ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین صاحب کو خوش قسمت اور مالدار سمجھتی ہیں، کیونکہ ان کے یہاں اچھے سوفہ سٹ اور دوسرے فرنیچرس جو اس زمانہ میں...
This study focuses on the impact of Religious Education in Pakistan at individual and collective levels. The research discusses the educational basis for the study of religion and analyzes the contribution of religious education towards the intellectual growth of individuals. The study raises few questions regarding religious education in Pakistan such as; why has our education system been divided into religious and secular education system. Whether the existing religious education is able to create a linkage between religion and society or not, if not what are the areas which need to be focused. What are the possibilities of sidelining the religious education and what could be its effects. The research focuses on the aims and objectives or religious education in Pakistan by analyzing the nature of curriculums of religious education at various levels. This study highlights the deficiency of the inclusion of the teachings of other religions in our religious education. The research consists of a current survey of the said topic, some findings and conclusions on the issue and few recommendations as well.
The graphene study has become the most interested topic owing to its exceptional properties. Graphene brings dramatic changes in the possessions of composites, when it is used even at very low concentration. Though, the heterogeneous distribution of graphene in the matrix is its main drawback to be used as filler in the polymer composites. The strong intermolecular forces of graphene result in agglomeration of graphene in the host the polymer matrix. The surface of graphene is functionalized by different functional groups to reduce the π-π stacking to prevent the agglomeration of graphene. The main objective of this work was to develop an easy method for synthesizing the graphenebased polymer nanocomposites. To get the graphene-based nanocomposites, first graphene was exfoliated by using liquid-phase exfoliation in different organic solvents. Picric acid was also used as a surfactant. The addition of picric acid has doubled the concentration in most of solvents tested. Moreover, graphene oxide was produced by using Hummers’ methods, modified Hummers’ method and Brodie method. The results indicate that modified Hummers’ method is the best one among the three methods. In next step polyaniline was grafted on few layer graphene (FLG), and polyaniline grafted fewlayer graphene (PANI-g-FLG) samples were then blended with polyetherimide. The addition of PANI-g-FLG introduced the conductive behavior in the insulative polymer. The maximum dielectric constant (3.72 × 105) and AC conductivity (5.91 × 10−2 S⋅cm−1) were achieved at 1.5 wt.% of the FLG concentration. Moreover, polyaniline grafted few layer graphene was also added in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) by solution blending method. The tensile strength was enhanced 62 % for the composites as compared to pure PVA. The dielectric constant was enhanced from 3.29 of pure PVA to 5.14 × 1004 (at 1000Hz) for nanocomposites having 0.5 wt.% FLG loading. Similarly, AC conductivity increased from 9.05 × 10−9 for pure PVA to 2.17 × 10−2 S⋅cm−1 (at 1000Hz) for composites having 0.5 wt.% FLG loading. The PANI-g-FLG was also combined with polystyrene to prepare nanocomposites with varying concentration of FLG (0 to 2 wt.%). The tensile strength was doubled for the composites as compared to pure polystyrene. The graphene oxide produced by modified Hummers’ method was further functionalized and incorporated into the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A to prepare nanocomposites. The concentration of PANI-g-GO were varied from 0 to 2.5 wt.% in the nanocomposites. The tensile strength was enhanced 60% for the composites as compared to pure diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. The dielectric constant was improved from 1 to 8 and AC conductivity increased from 1.05 × 10−8 S⋅cm−1 for pure to 6.15 × 10−8 S⋅cm−1 (at 1000Hz) for composites having 2.5 wt.% FLG loading. These results provide a possibility of using flexible nanocomposites as a dielectric material to be applied for energy storage devices such as embedded capacitors.